COVID-19 Community Open Access (recommended)
Institutional Collection
The COVID-19 Community houses resources on the Coronavirus (Covid-19), including clinical reports, management guidelines, and commentary authored by Feinberg School of Medicine faculty, staff, and students.
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- Keyword
- coronavirus
covid
COVID-19
- Publisher
-
DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Total Items
-
74
- Size
-
66.1 MB
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- Title:
- Changes in Primary Care Visits in the 24 Weeks After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders Relative to the Comparable Time Period in 2019 in Metropolitan Chicago and Northern Illinois
- Description:
- Macy ML, Huetteman P, Kan K. Changes in Primary Care Visits in the 24 Weeks After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders Relative to the Comparable Time Period in 2019 in Metropolitan Chicago and Northern Illinois. Journal of Primary Care and Community Health. 2020;11:7.
- Abstract:
- Objective: In this brief report, we characterize pediatric primary care service utilization in metropolitan Chicago over the first 24 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic response in relation to the comparable time period in 2019. Methods: We examined retrospective visit and billing data, regardless of payer, from 16 independent pediatric practices that utilize a common electronic medical record platform within an Accountable Care Organization of 252 pediatricians in 71 offices throughout metropolitan Chicago. We categorized visits as Well-Child and Immunization-Only (WC-IO) or Other types and identified visits with a telemedicine billing modifier. Diagnoses for Other visits were tallied and categorized using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Clinical Classification System. We summarized counts of visits and the proportion of visits with a telemedicine billing modifier in one-week epochs for 2020 compared with 2019. Results: There were 102 942 total visits (72 030 WC-IO; 30 912 Other) in 2020 and 144 672 visits (80 578 WC-IO; 64 094 Other) in 2019. WC-IO visits in 2020 were half of 2019 visits at the start of the Illinois Stay-at-Home Order and returned greater than 90% of 2019 visits in 8 weeks. Other visit types have remained below 70% of 2019 visits. A telemedicine billing modifier peaked in mid-April (21% of all visits) and declined to <10% of all visits in June (Phase 2 reopening). The top 10 most common diagnoses differed between years. Conclusions: Recovery of well child and immunization visits suggests that practice-level efforts and policy change can ensure children receive recommended care as the pandemic evolves.
- Keyword:
- pediatric, primary care, utilization, COVID-19
- Creator:
- Macy, Michelle Lea, Huetteman, Patricia, Kan, Kristin
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Date Created:
- 2020-11
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33174495
- Title:
- Commentary: GSK-3 Inhibition as a Therapeutic Approach Against SARs CoV2: Dual Benefit of Inhibiting Viral Replication While Potentiating the Immune Response
- Description:
- De Souza A, Tavora FA, Mahalingam D, Munster PN, Safran HP, El-Deiry WS, Carneiro BA. Commentary: GSK-3 Inhibition as a Therapeutic Approach Against SARs CoV2: Dual Benefit of Inhibiting Viral Replication While Potentiating the Immune Response. Frontiers in Immunology. 2020;11:3.
- Keyword:
- glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor, COVID-19, COVID, 9-ING-41, GSK-3b inhibitor, GSK-3 inhibitor, SARS-CoV21
- Creator:
- De Souza, Andre, Tavora, Fabio A., Mahalingam, Devalingam, Munster, Pamela N., Safran, Howard P., El-Deiry, Wafik S., Carneiro, Benedito A.
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Date Created:
- 2020-10-19
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Editorial
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33193448
- Title:
- Comorbid Medical Conditions in Young Athletes: Considerations for Preparticipation Guidance During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Description:
- Harmon KG, Pottinger PS, Baggish AL, Drezner JA, Luks AM, Thompson AA, Swaminathan S. Comorbid Medical Conditions in Young Athletes: Considerations for Preparticipation Guidance During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sports Health-a Multidisciplinary Approach. 2020;12(5):456-458.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, athlete, obesity, diabetes, asthma
- Creator:
- Pottinger, Paul S., Harmon, Kimberly G., Baggish, Aaron L., Drezner, Jonathan A., Luks, Andrew M., Thompson, Alexis A., Swaminathan, Sankar
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Date Created:
- 2020-09
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32579436
- Title:
- Comparison of IgG and neutralizing antibody responses after one or two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in previously infected and uninfected individuals.
- Description:
- Demonbreun AR, Sancilio A, Velez MP, Ryan DT, Saber R, Vaught LA, Reiser NL, Hsieh RR, D'Aquila RT, Mustanski B, McNally EM, McDade TW. Comparison of IgG and neutralizing antibody responses after one or two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in previously infected and uninfected individuals. Eclinicalmedicine. 2021;38:7.
- Abstract:
- Background: Recent reports have suggested that among individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, a single mRNA vaccine dose is sufficient to elicit high levels of immunity. Methods: We compared anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG antibody concentrations and antibody-mediated neutralization of spike-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor binding in vitro following vaccination of non-hospitalized participants by sero-status and acute virus diagnosis history. Participants were analysed before and after mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2/Pfizer or mRNA-1273/Moderna) in a community-based, home-collected, longitudinal serosurvey in the Chicago area (USA); none reported hospitalization for COVID-19. Samples were collected in January and February 2021. Before vaccination, some reported prior positive acute viral diagnostic testing and were seropositive (COVID-19+); the others who did not report acute viral diagnostic testing were categorized as seropositive or seronegative based on anti-spike RBD IgG test results. Findings: Of 307 unique vaccine recipients, 46 reported a prior COVID-19 diagnosis and were seropositive (COVID-19 +). Of the 261 with no history of acute viral diagnostic testing, 117 were seropositive and 144 seronegative before vaccination. The median age was 38 years (range 21-83) with 67 female and 33% male; 40% were non-White. Responses were evaluated after one (n = 142) or two (n = 191) doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine. After one dose, median post-vaccine IgG concentration and percent surrogate neutralization were each significantly higher among the COVID-19+ (median 48.2 mu g/ml, IgG; > 99.9% neutralization) compared to the seropositives (3.6 mu g/ml IgG; 56.5% neutralization) and seronegatives (2.6 mu g/ml IgG; 38.3% neutralization). The latter two groups reached > 95% neutralization after the second vaccine dose. Interpretation: After one dose of mRNA vaccine, individuals previously diagnosed with COVID-19 responded with high levels of anti-RBD IgG and surrogate neutralization of spike-ACE2 interaction. One dose of mRNA vaccine was not sufficient to generate comparably high responses among most persons previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 without a clinical COVID-19 diagnosis, nor among seronegative persons. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Serological testing, IgG, ELISA, Dried blood spots, Vaccine, Neutralizing, Receptor binding domain
- Creator:
- Demonbreun, Alexis R., Sancilio, Amelia Elizabeth McMullen, Velez, Matt P., Ryan, Daniel T., Saber, Rana, Vaught, Lauren A., Reiser, Nina L., Hsieh, Ryan R., D'Aquila, Richard T., Mustanski, Brian, McNally, Elizabeth M., McDade, Thomas W.
- Publisher:
- ELSEVIER
- Date Created:
- 2021-08
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34278286
- Title:
- Comprehensive Literature Review and Evidence evaluation of Experimental Treatment in COVID 19 Contagion
- Description:
- Boregowda U, Gandhi D, Jain N, Khanna K, Gupta N. Comprehensive Literature Review and Evidence evaluation of Experimental Treatment in COVID 19 Contagion. Clinical Medicine Insights-Circulatory Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine. 2020;14:7.
- Abstract:
- IMPORTANCE: Coronavirus 2019 pandemic (COVID 19) is caused by the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) virus. The pandemic is affecting the livelihood of millions of people all over the world. At the time of preparing this report, the pandemic has affected 1 827 284 patients, with 113 031 deaths in 185 countries as per Johns Hopkins University. With no proven treatment for the disease, prevention of the disease in the community and healthcare setting is need of the hour. OBJECTIVE: To perform a comprehensive literature search for preventive measures and experimental treatment options. In this review, we have focused our discussion on the risk of disease transmission, supportive treatment, and possible treatment options based on available evidence. EVIDENCE REVIEW: We performed a literature search on google scholar, PubMed, and society guidelines for literature related to COVID 19 and previous coronavirus pandemics. We included data review articles, observational studies, and controlled trials to synthesize the treatment options for COVID 19. FINDINGS: In this article, we have extensively reviewed and discussed recommendations from various world organizations for the public and healthcare workers. We have also discussed currently available experimental treatments since there is no proven treatment for COVID 19. The best method of dealing with the current outbreak is to reduce the community spread and thus flatten the curve. Although Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, and Azithromycin have been tried, passive immunity through convalescent serum and vaccine is still at an experimental stage. Patients with severe COVID 19 infections could be considered for this experimental treatment through various national randomized control trials, which may eventually lead to an evidence-based treatment strategy. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Awareness of currently available experimental treatment among healthcare providers and exploration of possible treatment options through evidence is need of the hour. We have discussed the most recently available literature and evidence behind experimental treatment in this article.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, coronavirus, Wuhan, Remdesivir, pandemic, RT-PCR
- Creator:
- Boregowda, Umesha, Gandhi, Darshan, Jain, Nitin, Khanna, Kanika, Gupta, Nishant
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
- Date Created:
- 2020-10
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 35173507
- Title:
- Coping With Health Threats: The Costs and Benefits of Managing Emotions
- Description:
- Smith AM, Willroth EC, Gatchpazian A, Shallcross AJ, Feinberg M, Ford BQ. Coping With Health Threats: The Costs and Benefits of Managing Emotions. Psychological Science. 2021;32(7):1011-1023.
- Abstract:
- How people respond to health threats can influence their own health and, when people are facing communal risks, even their community's health. We propose that people commonly respond to health threats by managing their emotions with cognitive strategies such as reappraisal, which can reduce fear and protect mental health. However, because fear can also motivate health behaviors, reducing fear may also jeopardize health behaviors. In two diverse U.S. samples (N = 1,241) tracked across 3 months, sequential and cross-lagged panel mediation models indicated that reappraisal predicted lower fear about an ongoing health threat (COVID-19) and, in turn, better mental health but fewer recommended physical health behaviors. This trade-off was not inevitable, however: The use of reappraisal to increase socially oriented positive emotions predicted better mental health without jeopardizing physical health behaviors. Examining the costs and benefits of how people cope with health threats is essential for promoting better health outcomes for individuals and communities.
- Keyword:
- emotion regulation, reappraisal, fear, positive emotions, health behaviors, mental health, COVID-19, open data, open materials
- Creator:
- Smith, Angela M., Willroth, Emily C., Gatchpazian, Arasteh, Shallcross, Amanda J., Feinberg, Matthew, Ford, Brett Q.
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Date Created:
- 2021-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34143697
- Title:
- Coping With Stress and Burnout Associated With Telecommunication and Online Learning
- Description:
- Mheidly N, Fares MY, Fares J. Coping With Stress and Burnout Associated With Telecommunication and Online Learning. Frontiers in Public Health. 2020;8:7.
- Abstract:
- The COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted the field of telecommunication. It increased the use of media applications that enable teleconferencing, telecommuting, online learning, and social relations. Prolonged time facing screens, tablets, and smart devices increases stress and anxiety. Mental health stressors associated with telecommunication can add to other stressors related to quarantine time and lockdown to eventually lead to exhaustion and burnout. In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on communication and education are explored. In addition, the relationship between prolonged exposure to digital devices and mental health is studied. Finally, coping strategies are offered to help relieve the tele-burdens of pandemics.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, mental health-state of emotional and social well-being, psychology, students, education-active learning, e-learning, COVID-19 mental health response
- Creator:
- Mheidly, Nour, Fares, Mohamad Y., Fares, Jawad Youssef
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Date Created:
- 2020-11-11
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33262967
- Title:
- Coronavirus Disease-19: An Interim Evidence Synthesis of the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (Waidid)
- Description:
- Abu-Raya B, Migliori GB, O'Ryan M, Edwards K, Torres A, Alffenaar JW, Martson AG, Centis R, D'Ambrosio L, Flanagan K, Hung I, Lauretani F, Leung CC, Leuridan E, Maertens K, Maggio MG, Nadel S, Hens N, Niesters H, Osterhaus A, Pontali E, Principi N, Silva DR, Omer S, Spanevello A, Sverzellati N, Tan TN, Torres-Torreti JP, Visca D, Esposito S. Coronavirus Disease-19: An Interim Evidence Synthesis of the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (Waidid). Frontiers in Medicine. 2020;7:20.
- Abstract:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly evolving, highly transmissible, and potentially lethal pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of June 11 2020, more than 7,000,000 COVID-19 cases have been reported worldwide, and more than 400,000 patients have died, affecting at least 188 countries. While literature on the disease is rapidly accumulating, an integrated, multinational perspective on clinical manifestations, immunological effects, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of COVID-19 can be of global benefit. We aimed to synthesize the most relevant literature and experiences in different parts of the world through our global consortium of experts to provide a consensus-based document at this early stage of the pandemic.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, coronavirus, intensive care management, prevention, workplace safety, infection control, SARS-CoV-2, physical distancing
- Creator:
- Abu-Raya, Bahaa, Migliori, Giovanni Battista, O'Ryan, Miguel, Edwards, Kathryn, Torres, Antoni, Alffenaar, Jan-Willem, Martson, Anne-Grete, Centis, Rosella, D'Ambrosio, Lia, Flanagan, Katie, Hung, Ivan, Lauretani, Fulvio, Leung, Chi Chi, Leuridan, Elke, Maertens, Kirsten, Maggio, Marcello Giuseppe, Nadel, Simon, Hens, Niel, Niesters, Hubert, Osterhaus, Albert, Pontali, Emanuele, Principi, Nicola, Rossato Silva, Denise, Omer, Saad, Spanevello, Antonio, Sverzellati, Nicola, Tan, Tina Quanbee, Torres-Torreti, Juan Pablo, Visca, Dina, Esposito, Susanna
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Date Created:
- 2020-10-30
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33195319
- Title:
- COVID-19 vaccine-associated anaphylaxis: A statement of the World Allergy Organization Anaphylaxis Committee
- Description:
- Turner PJ, Ansotegui IJ, Campbell DE, Cardona V, Ebisawa M, El-Gamal Y, Fineman S, Geller M, Gonzalez-Estrada A, Greenberger PA, Leung ASY, Levin ME, Muraro A, Borges MS, Senna G, Tanno LK, Thong BYH, Worm M, Comm WAOA. COVID-19 vaccine-associated anaphylaxis: A statement of the World Allergy Organization Anaphylaxis Committee. World Allergy Organization Journal. 2021;14(2):10.
- Abstract:
- Vaccines against COVID-19 (and its emerging variants) are an essential global intervention to control the current pandemic situation. Vaccines often cause adverse events; however, the vast majority of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) are a consequence of the vaccine stimulating a protective immune response, and not allergic in etiology. Anaphylaxis as an AEFI is uncommon, occurring at a rate of less than 1 per million doses for most vaccines. However, within the first days of initiating mass vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2, there were reports of anaphylaxis from the United Kingdom and United States. More recent data imply an incidence of anaphylaxis closer to 1:200,000 doses with respect to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. In this position paper, we discuss the background to reactions to the current COVID-19 vaccines and relevant steps to mitigate against the risk of anaphylaxis as an AEFI. We propose a global surveillance strategy led by allergists in order to understand the potential risk and generate data to inform evidence-based guidance, and thus provide reassurance to public health bodies and members of the public.
- Keyword:
- Adverse event following immunization, Anaphylaxis, COVID-19, Polyethylene glycol, Vaccine
- Creator:
- Turner, Paul J., Ansotegui, Ignacio J., Campbell, Dianne E., Cardona, Victoria, Ebisawa, Motohiro, El-Gamal, Yehia, Fineman, Stanley, Geller, Mario, Gonzalez-Estrada, Alexei, Greenberger, Paul Allen, Leung, Agnes S. Y., Levin, Michael E., Muraro, Antonella, Borges, Mario Sanchez, Senna, Gianenrico, Tanno, Luciana K., Thong, Bernard Yu-Hor, Worm, Margitta, WAO Anaphylaxis Committee
- Publisher:
- ELSEVIER
- Date Created:
- 2021-02
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33558825
- Title:
- Current Perspectives on Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Cardiovascular Disease: A White Paper by the JAHA Editors
- Description:
- Gupta AK, Jneid H, Addison D, Ardehali H, Boehme AK, Borgaonkar S, Boulestreau R, Clerkin K, Delarche N, DeVon HA, Grumbach IM, Gutierrez J, Jones DA, Kapil V, Maniero C, Mentias A, Miller PS, Ng SM, Parekh JD, Sanchez RH, Sawicki KT, te Riele A, Remme CA, London B. Current Perspectives on Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Cardiovascular Disease: A White Paper by the JAHA Editors. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2020;9(12):23.
- Abstract:
- Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 3.0 million people worldwide and killed more than 200,000 as of April 27, 2020. In this White Paper, we address the cardiovascular co-morbidities of COVID-19 infection; the diagnosis and treatment of standard cardiovascular conditions during the pandemic; and the diagnosis and treatment of the cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19 infection. In addition, we will also address various issues related to the safety of healthcare workers and the ethical issues related to patient care in this pandemic.
- Keyword:
- cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, management, SARS-CoV-2, treatment
- Creator:
- Gupta, Ajay K., Jneid, Hani, Addison, Daniel, Ardehali, Hossein, Boehme, Amelia K., Borgaonkar, Sanket, Boulestreau, Romain, Clerkin, Kevin, Delarche, Nicolas, DeVon, Holli A., Grumbach, Isabella M., Gutierrez, Jose, Jones, Daniel A., Kapil, Vikas, Maniero, Carmela, Mentias, Amgad, Miller, Pamela S., Ng, Sher May, Parekh, Jai D., Sanchez, Reynaldo H., Sawicki, Konrad Teodor, te Riele, Anneline S. J. M., Remme, Carol Ann, London, Barry
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Date Created:
- 2020-06-16
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32347144