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- Title:
- 1892-09-30 A.O. Hunt to G.V. Black
- Keyword:
- Hunt, A. O., Black, G. V. (Greene Vardiman), 1836-1915.
- Subject: Name:
- Black, G. V. (Greene Vardiman), 1836-1915
- Creator:
- Hunt, A. O.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 1892-09-30
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
- Resource Type:
- Letter
- Title:
- 1892-09-10 A.O. Hunt to G.V. Black
- Keyword:
- A.O. Hunt
- Subject: MESH:
- Dentistry , Terminology as Topic
- Subject: Name:
- Black, G. V. (Greene Vardiman), 1836-1915
- Creator:
- Hunt, A. O.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 1892-09-10
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
- Resource Type:
- Letter
203. Ain-El-Turck 003
- Title:
- Ain-El-Turck 003
- Description:
- Lt. Colonel Michael L. Mason standing with Lt. Colonel M. Herbert Barker on main street in Ain-el-Turck.
- Keyword:
- 12th General Hospital, World War II, Barker, M. Herbert
- Subject: MESH:
- Military Personnel, World War II, Military Medicine
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- 'Ayn al-Turk (Algeria)
- Subject: Name:
- Mason, Michael L., 1895-1963
- Creator:
- Creator not identified.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Date Created:
- 1943
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
- Resource Type:
- Photographs
204. Ain-El-Turck 011
- Title:
- Ain-El-Turck 011
- Description:
- Captain Katherine Baltz (left), Chief Nurse, and a colleague in front of the Chief Nurse's Office.
- Keyword:
- 12th General Hospital, World War II, Nursing, Baltz, Katherine
- Subject: MESH:
- Nurses, World War II, Military Nursing
- Subject: LCSH:
- World War, 1939-1945, Military nursing
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- 'Ayn al-Turk (Algeria)
- Creator:
- Creator not identified.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 1943
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
- Resource Type:
- Photographs
205. Ain-El-Turck 010
- Title:
- Ain-El-Turck 010
- Description:
- Katherine Baltz and colleague sitting with sign "Chief Nurses Office" in the foreground.
- Keyword:
- 12th General Hospital, World War II, Nursing, Baltz, Katherine
- Subject: MESH:
- Nurses, World War II, Military Nursing
- Subject: LCSH:
- World War, 1939-1945, Military nursing
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- 'Ayn al-Turk (Algeria)
- Creator:
- Creator not identified.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 1943
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
- Resource Type:
- Photographs
- Title:
- Hypertension in premature infants in the pediatric office follow up study
- Description:
- A Northwestern University Capstone Project
- Keyword:
- public health, Hypertension in Premature Infants in the Pediatric Office, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. Pediatric Practice Research Group
- Subject: MESH:
- Hypertension, Infant, Premature, Blood Pressure
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Illinois
- Subject: Name:
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Creator:
- Bolotnikov, Jannie
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2018
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Development of an evaluation tool for community health centers: a necessity in a constantly changing healthcare field
- Description:
- A Northwestern University Capstone Project
- Keyword:
- public health, Alliance Chicago
- Subject: MESH:
- Community Health Centers, Health Care Rationing, Economics, Medical, Medicaid , Medically Uninsured, Insurance Coverage, Health Planning Organizations
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Chicago (Ill.)
- Creator:
- Fata, Aimee Louise
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2018-04-13
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
208. Revello 002
- Title:
- Revello 002
- Description:
- Harvey S. Allen looking over balcony at Villa Cimbrone at Revello while on a trip.
- Keyword:
- World War II, 12th General Hospital, Sightseeing, Villa Cimbrone, Allen, Harvey S.
- Subject: LCSH:
- World War, 1939-1945, Medical personnel
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Revello (Italy)
- Subject: Name:
- Villa Cimbrone (Ravello, Italy)
- Creator:
- Creator not identified.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Date Created:
- 1944-05
- Rights:
- All rights reserved
- Resource Type:
- Photographs
209. Ain-El-Turck 103
- Title:
- Ain-El-Turck 103
- Description:
- The city square of Oran, with advertisement and directional signs.
- Keyword:
- 12th General Hospital, World War II, Northwestern University
- Subject: LCSH:
- Plazas
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Algeria--Oran
- Creator:
- Creator not identified.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Date Created:
- 1943
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
- Resource Type:
- Photographs
- Title:
- A SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance System in Sub-Saharan Africa: Modeling Study for Persistence and Transmission to Inform Policy
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Post LA, Argaw ST, Jones C, Moss CB, Resnick D, Singh LN, Murphy RL, Achenbach CJ, White J, Issa TZ, Boctor MJ, Oehmke JF. A SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance System in Sub-Saharan Africa: Modeling Study for Persistence and Transmission to Inform Policy. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2020;22(11):18.
- Abstract:
- Background: Since the novel coronavirus emerged in late 2019, the scientific and public health community around the world have sought to better understand, surveil, treat, and prevent the disease, COVID-19. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), many countries responded aggressively and decisively with lockdown measures and border closures. Such actions may have helped prevent large outbreaks throughout much of the region, though there is substantial variation in caseloads and mortality between nations. Additionally, the health system infrastructure remains a concern throughout much of SSA, and the lockdown measures threaten to increase poverty and food insecurity for the subcontinent's poorest residents. The lack of sufficient testing, asymptomatic infections, and poor reporting practices in many countries limit our understanding of the virus's impact, creating a need for better and more accurate surveillance metrics that account for under-reporting and data contamination. Objective: The goal of this study is to improve infectious disease surveillance by complementing standardized metrics with new and decomposable surveillance metrics of COVID-19 that overcome data limitations and contamination inherent in public health surveillance systems. In addition to prevalence of observed daily and cumulative testing, testing positivity rates, morbidity, and mortality, we derived COVID-19 transmission in terms of speed, acceleration or deceleration, change in acceleration or deceleration (jerk), and 7-day transmission rate persistence, which explains where and how rapidly COVID-19 is transmitting and quantifies shifts in the rate of acceleration or deceleration to inform policies to mitigate and prevent COVID-19 and food insecurity in SSA. Methods: We extracted 60 days of COVID-19 data from public health registries and employed an empirical difference equation to measure daily case numbers in 47 sub-Saharan countries as a function of the prior number of cases, the level of testing, and weekly shift variables based on a dynamic panel model that was estimated using the generalized method of moments approach by implementing the Arellano-Bond estimator in R. Results: Kenya, Ghana, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and South Africa have the most observed cases of COVID-19, and the Seychelles, Eritrea, Mauritius, Comoros, and Burundi have the fewest. In contrast, the speed, acceleration, jerk, and 7-day persistence indicate rates of COVID-19 transmissions differ from observed cases. In September 2020, Cape Verde, Namibia, Eswatini, and South Africa had the highest speed of COVID-19 transmissions at 13.1, 7.1, 3.6, and 3 infections per 100,0000, respectively; Zimbabwe had an acceleration rate of transmission, while Zambia had the largest rate of deceleration this week compared to last week, referred to as ajerk. Finally, the 7-day persistence rate indicates the number of cases on September 15, 2020, which are a function of new infections from September 8, 2020, decreased in South Africa from 216.7 to 173.2 and Ethiopia from 136.7 to 106.3 per 100,000. The statistical approach was validated based on the regression results; they determined recent changes in the pattern of infection, and during the weeks of September 1-8 and September 9-15, there were substantial country differences in the evolution of the SSA pandemic. This change represents a decrease in the transmission model R value for that week and is consistent with a de-escalation in the pandemic for the sub-Saharan African continent in general. Conclusions: Standard surveillance metrics such as daily observed new COVID-19 cases or deaths are necessary but insufficient to mitigate and prevent COVID-19 transmission. Public health leaders also need to know where COVID-19 transmission rates are accelerating or decelerating, whether those rates increase or decrease over short time frames because the pandemic can quickly escalate, and how many cases today are a function of new infections 7 days ago. Even though SSA is home to some of the poorest countries in the world, development and population size are not necessarily predictive of COVID-19 transmission, meaning higher income countries like the United States can learn from African countries on how best to implement mitigation and prevention efforts.
- Keyword:
- global COVID-19 surveillance, African public health surveillance, sub-Saharan African COVID-19, African surveillance metrics, dynamic panel data, generalized method of the moments, African econometrics, African SARS-CoV-2, African COVID-19 surveillance system, African COVID-19 transmission speed, African COVID-19 transmission acceleration, COVID-19 transmission deceleration, COVID-19 transmission jerk, COVID-19 7-day persistence, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon
- Subject: MESH:
- SARS-CoV-2, Public Health Surveillance, Disease Transmission, Infectious, COVID-19
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Public health surveillance, Virus diseases--Transmission
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Africa, Sub-Saharan
- Creator:
- Post, Lori Ann, Argaw, Salem Tibebe, Jones, Cameron Spencer, Moss, Charles B., Resnick, Danielle, Singh, Lauren Nadya, Murphy, Robert Leo, Achenbach, Chad J, White, Janine Inui, Issa, Tariq Ziad, Boctor, Michael Jacob, Oehmke, James Francis
- Publisher:
- JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-11-19
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33211026
211. Isaac Arthur Abt
- Title:
- Isaac Arthur Abt
- Description:
- Oil on canvas portrait of Dr. Isaac Abt by artist John Doctoroff. Photo of framed portrait, measuring 95 cm H x 83 cm W x 8 cm D, housed in Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. The plaque, measuring 10.2 cm H x 15.2 W x 2.5 cm D, reads: Isaac Arthur Abt, M.D., Class of 1891, Professor of Pediatrics, 1909 to 1955 Northwestern University Medical School. The portrait was unveiled at the dedication of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building in June 1927 and added to the collection of the Archibald Church Library. (Source: pp. 78 IN: Dedication of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building, Northwestern University Medical School, Alexander McKinlock Memorial Campus, Chicago, c.1929, Northwestern University Medical School)
- Keyword:
- art, artwork, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, paintings, portraits
- Subject: MESH:
- Schools, Medical--history, Faculty, Medical, Physicians
- Subject: LCSH:
- Medical colleges--Faculty
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Chicago (Ill.)
- Subject: Name:
- Abt, Isaac A. (Isaac Arthur), 1867-1955, Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Medical School
- Creator:
- Doctoroff, John, 1893-1970
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Portraits
- Title:
- History of medicine: projects, presentations, and exhibits
- Keyword:
- medical school, history of medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Special Collections, Galter Health Sciences Library
- Subject: MESH:
- History of Medicine, History of Dentistry
- Creator:
- Kubilius, Ramune Karolina
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Exhibitions, Poster, Presentation
- Title:
- Food Allergy Data Dictionary
- Keyword:
- Food Allergy, Data Dictionary, Health Informatics, Electronic Health Records, Electronic Medical Records
- Subject: MESH:
- Food Hypersensitivity--therapy, Food Hypersensitivity--diagnosis, Electronic Health Records
- Creator:
- Sehgal, Shruti
- Contributor:
- Starren, Justin B, Wlodarski, Mark T, Gupta, Ruchi S, Bilaver, Lucy A, Makhija, Melanie Mala, Spergel, Jonathan M. , Wang, Julie, Ciaccio, Christina E. , Ward, Dana, Soulakis, Nicholas Dean
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-01-27
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Dictionary
- Title:
- Maintenance of Diet and Activity Behaviors and Weight Loss After Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Scoping Review Protocol
- Abstract:
- Rationale: Although intensive lifestyle interventions tend to be successful at initiating weight loss, maintaining weight loss after withdrawal of intervention is more challenging. Also, it is unclear to what degree behavioral changes in dietary intake and physical activity that were made during weight loss initiation persist after treatment discontinuation and account for the observed variability in weight loss maintenance. A primary barrier to optimizing lifestyle interventions for long-term sustained improvement is the current lack of a coherent theoretical and methodological foundation for operationalizing maintenance. Indeed, there is variability in how researchers define, measure, and evaluate maintenance of both weight regulatory behaviors and weight loss following intervention. This variability in operationalizing maintenance could have significant implications for designing and optimizing interventions to achieve long-term maintenance. A synthesis of the available evidence on post-intervention behavioral weight loss maintenance is needed to lay a foundation that future researchers can use to appropriately design and implement interventions that produce meaningful, sustained healthful improvements in weight.
- Keyword:
- Protocol
- Subject: MESH:
- Body Weight Maintenance, Health Behavior, Diet, Food, and Nutrition, Exercise
- Creator:
- Daly, Elyse Renee, Battalio, Sam, Spring, Bonnie, Wafford, Q. Eileen, Pfammatter, Angela Fidler, Jovanovic, Christine Ernestine Schaak, Alshurafa, Nabil, Kalam, Faiza, Stump, Tammy Kay
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Title:
- Thrombotic microangiopathy in the cancer patient
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Kwaan, H. C., & Gordon, L. I. (2001). Thrombotic microangiopathy in the cancer patient. Acta Haematol, 106(1-2), 52-56. https://doi.org/10.1159/000046589
- Abstract:
- Thrombotic microangiopathy, manifesting as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or hemolytic uremic syndrome, is a common complication in cancer patients. It shares the pathogenic microvascular occlusive lesion and many clinical manifestations as the classical TTP, but the spectrum of complications varies widely. Several subsets are seen, including a microangiopathic hemolyticanemia in advanced cancer, chemotherapeutic drug-associated microangiopathy and those with the transplant setting. The prognosis is not as favorable as in classical TTP. Anecdotal reports indicate that responses are seen with plasma exchange and with immunoadsorption.
- Keyword:
- hematology
- Subject: MESH:
- Thrombotic Microangiopathies, Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic, Neoplasms, Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
- Creator:
- Kwaan, Hau C, Gordon, Leo I
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2001
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 11549777
- Title:
- Coaching Manual for the ThinkFeelDo Internet Intervention Program
- Keyword:
- eHealth, Coaching, TeleCoaching, Depression Treatment, Internet Intervention
- Subject: MESH:
- Telemedicine, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Depression--therapy
- Subject: LCSH:
- Telecommunication in medicine, Cognitive therapy, Depression, Mental--Treatment
- Creator:
- Mohr, David C, Tomasino, Kathryn N. , Lattie, Emily Gardiner, Wilson, Rebecca E.
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2017-11
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Handbooks
- Title:
- Beating Depression: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Patient Workbook
- Keyword:
- Depression Treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Workbook
- Subject: MESH:
- Depression--therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- Subject: LCSH:
- Depression, Mental--Treatment, Cognitive therapy
- Creator:
- Mohr, David C, Ho, Joyce, Duffecy, Jenna, Glazer-Baron, Kelly
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2007
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Handbooks
- Title:
- IntelliCare Study Coaching Manual
- Keyword:
- eHealth, Digital Health, Depression Treatment, Anxiety Treatment, Coaching, Supportive Accountability
- Subject: MESH:
- Depression--therapy, Telemedicine
- Subject: LCSH:
- Depression, Mental--Treatment, Telecommunication in medicine
- Creator:
- Kaiser, Susan Mae
- Contributor:
- Tomasino, Kathryn Noth Frances Noth, Bardsley, Leland Richard, Lattie, Emily Gardiner, Mohr, David C
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2016-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Handbooks
- Title:
- Supportive Accountability Coaching Manual
- Keyword:
- eHealth, Coaching, TeleCoaching, Depression Treatment
- Subject: MESH:
- Depression--therapy, Telemedicine
- Subject: LCSH:
- Depression, Mental--Treatment, Telecommunication in medicine
- Creator:
- Mohr, David C, Duffecy, Jenna, Ludman, Evette, Kinsinger, Sarah W
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2013
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Handbooks
- Title:
- Perceived Barriers to Care
- Keyword:
- Depression Treatment, Barriers, Assessment
- Subject: MESH:
- Depression--therapy
- Subject: LCSH:
- Depression, Mental--Treatment
- Creator:
- Kaiser, Susan Mae
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2010
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Forms
- Title:
- Infant antibiotic exposure and food allergy development
- Description:
- A Northwestern University Capstone Project., This paper is submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Public Health degree in the Spring of 2017.
- Abstract:
- Background: Food allergy prevalence is steadily increasing in the developed world, for reasons that are still being investigated. Epidemiological evidence suggests that insufficient microbial exposure early in life may increase the risk of developing allergic diseases. Antibiotics, which are a significant source of microbial deprivation, may be a risk factor for developing food allergies. Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize the association between antibiotic exposure in the first year of life and the subsequent development of food allergies by age five. Methods: A cohort of 18,088 patients born between 01/01/2006 and 12/31/2010 was analyzed retrospectively. Poisson regression was used to analyze the time-weighted association between antibiotic prescriptions and food allergy diagnosis, while adjusting for sex and race/ethnicity. Results: In both the unadjusted and adjusted analyses, the risk of developing a food allergy for the group exposed to antibiotics in the first year of life was more than double that of the unexposed group. In the unadjusted Poisson regression model, the relative risk was 2.53 [1.96, 3.26]. In the model adjusted for sex and race/ethnicity, the relative risk was 2.33 [1.19, 4.56]. Neither sex nor race/ethnicity was found to be significantly associated with the likelihood of a food allergy diagnosis. Conclusion: There is a significant association between antibiotic exposure in the first year of life and food allergy development by age five. While the results of this study support an existing hypothesis that posits an antibiotic-allergy association mediated by reduced microbial exposure, they do not provide direct evidence of mediation. In order to more accurately characterize this association, additional studies will need to directly analyze the quantity and variety of intestinal microbiota in relation to food allergy prevalence.
- Keyword:
- public health, antibiotic exposure, food allergies
- Subject: MESH:
- Food Hypersensitivity, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infant
- Creator:
- Oda, Kyle
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2017
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Study of Epstein Barr virus glycoprotein 42 and virus contribution to Burkitt Lymphoma pathogenesis utilizing bioinformatics tools
- Keyword:
- bioinformatics, virology, pathway analysis, Epstein-Barr virus
- Subject: MESH:
- Virology, Computational Biology, Herpesvirus 4, Human, Burkitt Lymphoma--etiology
- Subject: LCSH:
- Virology, Bioinformatics, Epstein-Barr virus, Epstein-Barr virus diseases, Burkitt's lymphoma
- Creator:
- Shaw, Pamela L
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2010-05-19
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Archibald Church Medical Library reading room
- Description:
- Original main reading room of the Archibald Church Library of the Northwestern University Medical School. It was dedicated in 1927, and succeeded by the Galter Health Sciences Library in 1991.
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- The photograph is in: Arey, Leslie B. Northwestern University Medical School : a pioneer in educational reform. Revised and extended. Chicago, Ill. : Evanston, Ill. : University, 1979. page 322.
- Keyword:
- Northwestern University, Northwestern University Medical School
- Subject: MESH:
- Libraries, Medical
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Chicago (Ill.)
- Subject: Name:
- Archibald Church Library
- Creator:
- Photographer not identified
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Photographs
- Title:
- Bas relief of Mr. and Mrs. Montgomery Ward
- Description:
- Bas-relief of Mr. and Mrs. Montgomery Ward, in the foyer of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building of the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, located on the Northwestern University Chicago Campus. The Ward Building was dedicated in 1927.
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- The photograph is in: Arey, Leslie B. "Northwestern University Medical School, 1859-1979, a pioneer in educational reform. Evanston, Ill. : Northwestern University, 1979. page 214.
- Keyword:
- artwork, Northwestern University Medical School. Montgomery Ward Memorial Building
- Subject: MESH:
- Schools, Medical
- Subject: LCSH:
- College benefactors
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Chicago (Ill.)
- Subject: Name:
- Ward, Montgomery, 1844-1913
- Creator:
- unknown
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Portraits
225. Oral Histories
- Title:
- Oral Histories
- Description:
- Collection of interviews.
- Keyword:
- History
- Creator:
- Northwestern University Medical School
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University Medical School, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 1938-1959
- Rights:
- All rights reserved
- Resource Type:
- Audio Visual Document
- Title:
- Northwestern University Medical School 1859-1979
- Description:
- A history of the Feinberg School of Medicine, written by Leslie B. Arey, PhD, a faculty member in the Department of Anatomy from 1919 to 1987.
- Keyword:
- History
- Subject: MESH:
- History, Schools, Medical
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Chicago (Ill.)
- Subject: Name:
- Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Medical School
- Creator:
- Arey, Leslie Brainerd, 1891-
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 1979
- Rights:
- All rights reserved
227. Trends in Health Sciences and Biomedical Sciences Information and Services Provision: Introduction
- Title:
- Trends in Health Sciences and Biomedical Sciences Information and Services Provision: Introduction
- Description:
- Originally published in: Kubilius, Ramune K. Trends in Health Sciences and Biomedical Sciences Information and Services Provision. [Introduction]. Against the Grain. 2014; 26(2):1,8,10. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/atg/vol26/iss2/. PDF of article posted with publisher's permission.
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Kubilius, Ramune K. Trends in Health Sciences and Biomedical Sciences Information and Services Provision. [Introduction]. Against the Grain. 2014; 26(2):1,8,10.
- Abstract:
- This special ATG issue includes seven contributions by experienced authors who share insights and their own experiences. They address current trends and opportunities addressed or undertaken by those who work with persons involved in the triad of patient care, education, and research, and beyond. [excerpt of Introduction by editor of this special issue of Against the Grain]
- Keyword:
- medical libraries
- Subject: MESH:
- Libraries, Medical, Publishing--trends, Information Services--trends
- Subject: LCSH:
- Scholarly publishing
- Creator:
- Kubilius, Ramune K.
- Publisher:
- Against the Grain, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Introductory Journal Article
- Title:
- Identifying Predictors of Long Length of Stay and Mortality for General Surgery Patients in Surgical Intensive Care Units: A Comparative Study
- Abstract:
- Objective: Approximately 5 million patients are admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) annually in the United States, with 500,000 of these patients dying per year during their admission. We aim to provide unadjusted rates of complications and mortality in a cohort of surgical ICU patients and to compare outcomes between a large, urban, academic referral center and community hospitals using a risk-adjusted model. Methods: We constructed a retrospective cohort of patients who underwent general surgery procedures and stayed in the surgical ICUs at Northwestern Memorial Hospital (NMH), Central DuPage Hospital (CDH), and Lake Forest Hospital (LFH) from March 2018-April 2021. Patients at the latter suburban community hospital sites were grouped. Patients treated at NMH versus CDH and LFH were compared using univariate analyses of complications and mortality and multivariable analyses adjusted for patient clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Univariate analysis demonstrated that an ICU stay at NMH was associated with higher rates of hyperglycemia (45.8% vs. 30.7%, p <0.001), malnutrition (33.3% vs. 20.5%, p<0.001), and wound infections (8.9% vs 4.9%, p = 0.03), but lower mortality rates (4.7% vs 8.8%, p = 0.006). BMI, ASA score, surgery type, and having subsequent procedures were the characteristics most commonly associated with adverse events. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that hospital site was not significantly associated with long length of stay (OR = 1.1 [0.60-2.03]) but being treated at CDH/LFH was associated with higher mortality (OR = 2.34 [1.16-4.73]). Discussion: These data provide baseline rates of adverse outcomes in a large cohort of surgical ICU patients, and show that mortality, but not length of stay, may differ between the surgical ICUs studied. Our results provide a foundation for future study of surgical ICU outcomes within the Northwestern Healthcare network and may be hypothesis-generating for additional research within this population.
- Keyword:
- intensive care unit, hospital, mortality
- Subject: MESH:
- Hospital Mortality, Intensive Care Units, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Length of Stay
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Illinois--Northern
- Creator:
- Bushara, Omar
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-05-11
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- The Association Between Timely Access to Pediatric Appendicitis Care and Neighborhood Factors
- Abstract:
- BACKGROUND: Appendicitis is the most common acute pediatric surgical condition, with 30% of patients presenting as complicated. Complicated appendicitis may indicate a delay in seeking care, resulting in higher complication rates, longer lengths of stay and higher readmission rates compared to simple appendicitis and can serve as indicator for access to care. Although patient-level and neighborhood-level factors can affect timely access to care, the effect of neighborhood factors on access to pediatric surgical care remains poorly understood. We examined the association between neighborhood social determinants of health and the odds of presenting with complicated appendicitis and unplanned post-discharge healthcare utilization. METHODS: A retrospective, cohort study of pediatric patients with appendicitis between 2016-2018 were identified using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database. Neighborhood characteristics were captured using the Child Opportunity Index (COI), a validated, comprehensive measure of 29 neighborhood characteristics known to impact childrens health. Nationally-normalized COI measurements were divided into quintiles from very low to very high opportunity. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to model the odds of presenting with complicated appendicitis as a function of COI. Adjustments included age, sex, race/ethnicity and insurance. A similar model was assessed for unplanned healthcare utilization, including emergency department visits and readmissions. RESULTS: A total of 67,489 patients had appendicitis with 21,728 (32.2%) being complicated. Patients were 43.3% non-Hispanic white, 60.1% male, 47.8% publicly-insured, and predominantly aged 10-14 years (42.7%). Patients living in very low COI neighborhoods were 34% more likely to present with complicated appendicitis (OR 1.34, 95%CI 1.26, 1.42) compared to those in very high COI neighborhoods. There was no significant association between COI level and unplanned post-discharge healthcare utilization. CONCLUSIONS: Children living in lower COI neighborhoods had an increased risk of presenting with complicated appendicitis; however, neighborhood characteristics were not associated with unplanned healthcare utilization post-discharge. Given increased interest among health systems, public health organizations and third-party payers in mitigating the effects of disadvantaged neighborhood characteristics on health outcomes, these findings may inform policies and programs that seek to improve equitable outcomes in pediatric surgical care.
- Keyword:
- Social Determinants of Health, pediatric surgery, appendicitis, neighborhood
- Subject: MESH:
- Pediatrics, Appendicitis, Social Determinants of Health, Neighborhood Characteristics
- Creator:
- Bouchard, Megan E, Kan, Kristin, Tian, Yao, Casale, Mia, Smith, Tracie, DeBoer, Christopher, Linton, Samuel C, Abdullah, Fizan, Ghomrawi, Hassan
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-03-04
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Current Perspectives on Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Cardiovascular Disease: A White Paper by the JAHA Editors
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Gupta AK, Jneid H, Addison D, Ardehali H, Boehme AK, Borgaonkar S, Boulestreau R, Clerkin K, Delarche N, DeVon HA, Grumbach IM, Gutierrez J, Jones DA, Kapil V, Maniero C, Mentias A, Miller PS, Ng SM, Parekh JD, Sanchez RH, Sawicki KT, te Riele A, Remme CA, London B. Current Perspectives on Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Cardiovascular Disease: A White Paper by the JAHA Editors. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2020;9(12):23.
- Abstract:
- Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 3.0 million people worldwide and killed more than 200,000 as of April 27, 2020. In this White Paper, we address the cardiovascular co-morbidities of COVID-19 infection; the diagnosis and treatment of standard cardiovascular conditions during the pandemic; and the diagnosis and treatment of the cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19 infection. In addition, we will also address various issues related to the safety of healthcare workers and the ethical issues related to patient care in this pandemic.
- Keyword:
- cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, management, SARS-CoV-2, treatment
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19--complications, Cardiovascular Diseases
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Cardiovascular system--Diseases
- Creator:
- Gupta, Ajay K., Jneid, Hani, Addison, Daniel, Ardehali, Hossein, Boehme, Amelia K., Borgaonkar, Sanket, Boulestreau, Romain, Clerkin, Kevin, Delarche, Nicolas, DeVon, Holli A., Grumbach, Isabella M., Gutierrez, Jose, Jones, Daniel A., Kapil, Vikas, Maniero, Carmela, Mentias, Amgad, Miller, Pamela S., Ng, Sher May, Parekh, Jai D., Sanchez, Reynaldo H., Sawicki, Konrad Teodor, te Riele, Anneline S. J. M., Remme, Carol Ann, London, Barry
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-06-16
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32347144
- Title:
- A clade of SARS-CoV-2 viruses associated with lower viral loads in patient upper airways
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Lorenzo-Redondo R, Nam HH, Roberts SC, Simons LM, Jennings LJ, Qi C, Achenbach CJ, Hauser AR, Ison MG, Hultquist JF, Ozer EA. A Clade of SARS-CoV-2 viruses associated with lower viral loads in patient upper airways. Ebiomedicine. 2020;62:10.
- Abstract:
- Background: The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been accompanied by the emergence of distinct viral clades, though their clinical significance remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the phylogenetic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Chicago, Illinois, and assess their relationship to clinical parameters. Methods: We performed whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 isolates collected from COVID-19 patients in Chicago in mid-March, 2020. Using these and other publicly available sequences, we performed phylogenetic, phylogeographic, and phylodynamic analyses. Patient data was assessed for correlations between demographic or clinical characteristics and virologic features. Findings: The 88 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences in our study separated into three distinct phylogenetic clades. Clades 1 and 3 were most closely related to viral sequences from New York and Washington state, respectively, with relatively broad distributions across the US. Clade 2 was primarily found in the Chicago area with limited distribution elsewhere. At the time of diagnosis, patients infected with Clade 1 viruses had significantly higher average viral loads in their upper airways relative to patients infected with Clade 2 viruses, independent of disease severity. Interpretation: These results show that multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 were circulating in the Chicago area in mid-March 2020 that differed in their relative viral loads in patient upper airways. These data suggest that differences in virus genotype can impact viral load and may influence viral spread.
- Keyword:
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Phylogenetics, Viral load, Viral genotype, Whole genome sequencing
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Phylogeny, Viral Load, Whole Genome Sequencing, Genome, Viral
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Illinois--Chicago
- Creator:
- Lorenzo Redondo, Ramon, Nam, Hannah H, Roberts, Scott C, Simons, Lacy Marie, Jennings, Lawrence J, Qi, Chao, Achenbach, Chad J, Hauser, Alan R, Ison, Michael G, Hultquist, Judd Franklin, Ozer, Egon Anderson
- Publisher:
- ELSEVIER
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-12
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33186810
- Title:
- Tackling challenges in care of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias amid the COVID-19 pandemic, now and in the future
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Mok VCT, Pendlebury S, Wong A, Alladi S, Au L, Bath PM, Biessels GJ, Chen C, Cordonnier C, Dichgans M, Dominguez J, Gorelick PB, Kim S, Kwok T, Greenberg SM, Jia J, Kalaria R, Kivipelto M, Naegandran K, Lam LCW, Lam BYK, Lee ATC, Markus HS, O'Brien J, Pai MC, Pantoni L, Sachdev P, Skoog I, Smith EE, Srikanth V, Suh GH, Wardlaw J, Ko H, Black SE, Scheltens P. Tackling challenges in care of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias amid the COVID-19 pandemic, now and in the future. Alzheimers & Dementia. 2020;16(11):1571-1581.
- Abstract:
- We have provided an overview on the profound impact of COVID-19 upon older people with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias and the challenges encountered in our management of dementia in different health-care settings, including hospital, outpatient, care homes, and the community during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have also proposed a conceptual framework and practical suggestions for health-care providers in tackling these challenges, which can also apply to the care of older people in general, with or without other neurological diseases, such as stroke or parkinsonism. We believe this review will provide strategic directions and set standards for health-care leaders in dementia, including governmental bodies around the world in coordinating emergency response plans for protecting and caring for older people with dementia amid the COIVD-19 outbreak, which is likely to continue at varying severity in different regions around the world in the medium term.
- Keyword:
- Alzheimer's disease, COVID-19, dementia, older people
- Subject: MESH:
- Alzheimer Disease--therapy, Dementia--therapy, Aged, COVID-19
- Subject: LCSH:
- Alzheimer's disease--Patients--Care, Dementia--Patients--Care, COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-
- Creator:
- Mok, Vincent C. T., Pendlebury, Sarah, Wong, Adrian, Alladi, Suvarna, Au, Lisa, Bath, Philip M., Biessels, Geert Jan, Chen, Christopher, Cordonnier, Charlotte, Dichgans, Martin, Dominguez, Jacqueline, Gorelick, Philip B., Kim, SangYun, Kwok, Timothy, Greenberg, Steven M., Jia, Jianping, Kalaria, Rajesh, Kivipelto, Miia, Naegandran, Kandiah, Lam, Linda C. W., Lam, Bonnie Yin Ka, Lee, Allen T. C., Markus, Hugh S., O'Brien, John, Pai, Ming-Chyi, Pantoni, Leonardo, Sachdev, Perminder, Skoog, Ingmar, Smith, Eric E., Srikanth, Velandai, Suh, Guk-Hee, Wardlaw, Joanna, Ko, Ho, Black, Sandra E., Scheltens, Philip
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-11
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32789951
- Title:
- Key criteria for the ethical acceptability of COVID-19 human challenge studies: Report of a WHO Working Group
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Jamrozik E, Littler K, Bull S, Emerson C, Kang G, Kapulu M, Rey E, Saenz C, Shah S, Smith PG, Upshur R, Weijer C, Selgelid MJ, Cha WHOWGGH. Key criteria for the ethical acceptability of COVID-19 human challenge studies: Report of a WHO Working Group. Vaccine. 2021;39(4):633-640.
- Abstract:
- This report of the WHO Working Group for Guidance on Human Challenge Studies in COVID-19 outlines ethical standards for COVID-19 challenge studies. It includes eight Key Criteria related to scientific justification, risk-benefit assessment, consultation and engagement, co-ordination of research, site selection, participant selection, expert review, and informed consent. The document aims to provide comprehensive guidance to scientists, research ethics committees, funders, policymakers, and regulators in deliberations regarding SARS-CoV-2 challenge studies by outlining criteria that would need to be satisfied in order for such studies to be ethically acceptable. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
- Keyword:
- Bioethics, Ethics, Research ethics, Clinical trials, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Human challenge studies, Controlled human infection
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19 Vaccines, Clinical Trials as Topic--ethics, Biomedical Research--ethics
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 vaccines, Medical ethics
- Creator:
- Jamrozik, Euzebiusz, Littler, Katherine, Bull, Susan, Emerson, Claudia, Kang, Gagandeep, Kapulu, Melissa, Rey, Elena, Saenz, Carla, Shah, Seema Kirti, Smith, Peter G., Upshur, Ross, Weijer, Charles, Selgelid, Michael J., WHO Working Group for Guidance on Human Challenge Studies in COVID-19
- Publisher:
- ELSEVIER SCI LTD
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-01-22
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33341309
- Title:
- What Every Reader Should Know About Studies Using Electronic Health Record Data but May Be Afraid to Ask
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Kohane IS, Aronow BJ, Avillach P, Beaulieu-Jones BK, Bellazzi R, Bradford RL, Brat GA, Cannataro M, Cimino JJ, Garcia-Barrio N, Gehlenborg N, Ghassemi M, Gutierrez-Sacristan A, Hanauer DA, Holmes JH, Hong C, Klann JG, Loh NHW, Luo Y, Mandl KD, Daniar M, Moore JH, Murphy SN, Neuraz A, Ngiam KY, Omenn GS, Palmer N, Patel LP, Pedrera-Jimenez M, Sliz P, South AM, Tan ALM, Taylor DM, Taylor BW, Torti C, Vallejos AK, Wagholikar KB, Weber GM, Cai TX, Consortium Clinical C. What Every Reader Should Know About Studies Using Electronic Health Record Data but May Be Afraid to Ask. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2021;23(3):9.
- Abstract:
- Coincident with the tsunami of COVID-19-related publications, there has been a surge of studies using real-world data, including those obtained from the electronic health record (EHR). Unfortunately, several of these high-profile publications were retracted because of concerns regarding the soundness and quality of the studies and the EHR data they purported to analyze. These retractions highlight that although a small community of EHR informatics experts can readily identify strengths and flaws in EHR-derived studies, many medical editorial teams and otherwise sophisticated medical readers lack the framework to fully critically appraise these studies. In addition, conventional statistical analyses cannot overcome the need for an understanding of the opportunities and limitations of EHR-derived studies. We distill here from the broader informatics literature six key considerations that are crucial for appraising studies utilizing EHR data: data completeness, data collection and handling (eg, transformation), data type (ie, codified, textual), robustness of methods against EHR variability (within and across institutions, countries, and time), transparency of data and analytic code, and the multidisciplinary approach. These considerations will inform researchers, clinicians, and other stakeholders as to the recommended best practices in reviewing manuscripts, grants, and other outputs from EHR-data derived studies, and thereby promote and foster rigor, quality, and reliability of this rapidly growing field.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, electronic health records, real-world data, literature, publishing, quality, data quality, reporting standards, reporting checklist, review, statistics
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Electronic Health Records, Data Accuracy, Data Analysis, Review Literature as Topic, Data Interpretation, Statistical
- Creator:
- Kohane, Isaac S., Aronow, Bruce J., Avillach, Paul, Beaulieu-Jones, Brett K., Bellazzi, Riccardo, Bradford, Robert L., Brat, Gabriel A., Cannataro, Mario, Cimino, James J., Garcia-Barrio, Noelia, Gehlenborg, Nils, Ghassemi, Marzyeh, Gutierrez-Sacristan, Alba, Hanauer, David A., Holmes, John H., Hong, Chuan, Klann, Jeffrey G., Loh, Ne Hooi Will, Luo, Yuan, Mandl, Kenneth D., Daniar, Mohamad, Moore, Jason H., Murphy, Shawn N., Neuraz, Antoine, Ngiam, Kee Yuan, Omenn, Gilbert S., Palmer, Nathan, Patel, Lav P., Pedrera-Jimenez, Miguel, Sliz, Piotr, South, Andrew M., Tan, Amelia Li Min, Taylor, Deanne M., Taylor, Bradley W., Torti, Carlo, Vallejos, Andrew K., Wagholikar, Kavishwar B., Weber, Griffin M., Cai, Tianxi, The Consortium For Clinical Characterization Of COVID-19 By EHR (4CE)
- Publisher:
- JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-03-02
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33600347
- Title:
- Coping With Health Threats: The Costs and Benefits of Managing Emotions
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Smith AM, Willroth EC, Gatchpazian A, Shallcross AJ, Feinberg M, Ford BQ. Coping With Health Threats: The Costs and Benefits of Managing Emotions. Psychological Science. 2021;32(7):1011-1023.
- Abstract:
- How people respond to health threats can influence their own health and, when people are facing communal risks, even their community's health. We propose that people commonly respond to health threats by managing their emotions with cognitive strategies such as reappraisal, which can reduce fear and protect mental health. However, because fear can also motivate health behaviors, reducing fear may also jeopardize health behaviors. In two diverse U.S. samples (N = 1,241) tracked across 3 months, sequential and cross-lagged panel mediation models indicated that reappraisal predicted lower fear about an ongoing health threat (COVID-19) and, in turn, better mental health but fewer recommended physical health behaviors. This trade-off was not inevitable, however: The use of reappraisal to increase socially oriented positive emotions predicted better mental health without jeopardizing physical health behaviors. Examining the costs and benefits of how people cope with health threats is essential for promoting better health outcomes for individuals and communities.
- Keyword:
- emotion regulation, reappraisal, fear, positive emotions, health behaviors, mental health, COVID-19, open data, open materials
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Emotional Regulation, Fear, Health Behavior, Mental Health
- Creator:
- Smith, Angela M, Willroth, Emily Catherine, Gatchpazian, Arasteh, Shallcross, Amanda J, Feinberg, Matthew, Ford, Brett Q
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34143697
- Title:
- Gender-specificity of resilience in major depressive disorder
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Perlis RH, Ognyanova K, Quintana A, Green J, Santillana M, Lin JN, Druckman J, Lazer D, Simonson MD, Baum MA, Chwe HY. Gender-specificity of resilience in major depressive disorder. Depression and Anxiety. 2021;38(10):1026-1033.
- Abstract:
- Introduction The major stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic provide an opportunity to understand the extent to which protective factors against depression may exhibit gender-specificity. Method This study examined responses from multiple waves of a 50 states non-probability internet survey conducted between May 2020 and January 2021. Participants completed the PHQ-9 as a measure of depression, as well as items characterizing social supports. We used logistic regression models with population reweighting to examine association between absence of even mild depressive symptoms and sociodemographic features and social supports, with interaction terms and stratification used to investigate sex-specificity. Results Among 73,917 survey respondents, 31,199 (42.2%) reported absence of mild or greater depression-11,011/23,682 males (46.5%) and 20,188/50,235 (40.2%) females. In a regression model, features associated with greater likelihood of depression-resistance included at least weekly attendance of religious services (odds ratio [OR]: 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.16) and greater trust in others (OR: 1.04 for a 2-unit increase, 95% CI: 1.02-1.06), along with level of social support measured as number of social ties available who could provide care (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.07), talk to them (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07-1.12), and help with employment (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04-1.08). The first two features showed significant interaction with gender (p < .0001), with markedly greater protective effects among women. Conclusion Aspects of social support are associated with diminished risk of major depressive symptoms, with greater effects of religious service attendance and trust in others observed among women than men.
- Keyword:
- depression, major depressive disorder , resilience , resilient , SARS-CoV2, survey
- Subject: MESH:
- Gender Identity, COVID-19, Depressive Disorder, Major, Depressive Disorder, Resilience, Psychological
- Creator:
- Perlis, Roy H., Ognyanova, Katherine, Quintana, Alexi, Green, Jon , Santillana, Mauricio, Lin, Jennifer, Druckman, James N, Lazer, David, Simonson, Matthew D., Baum, Matthew A., Chwe, Hanyu
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-08-09
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34370885
- Title:
- The Role of Self-Efficacy and Injunctive Norms in Helping Older Adults Decide to Stay Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Macy JT, Owens C, Mullis K, Middlestadt SE. The Role of Self-Efficacy and Injunctive Norms in Helping Older Adults Decide to Stay Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health. 2021;9:8.
- Abstract:
- Purpose: Because older adults are at elevated risk of COVID-19-related adverse health outcomes, and staying at home is an effective strategy to avoid unnecessary exposures, the current formative study used the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) to identify the beliefs underlying older adults' decision to stay home for the next month. Methods: The participants (weighted n = 206, age 65-94) for the current study were selected from a nationally representative online survey of US adults from April 10-20, 2020. We used multiple linear regression to estimate the relative contribution of the four RAA global constructs (instrumental attitude, injunctive norms, descriptive norms, and self-efficacy) in explaining intention to stay home after controlling for demographic covariates. We also conducted a content analysis to identify beliefs about advantages, disadvantages, and facilitators of staying home. Results: After controlling for demographic characteristics, injunctive norms (b = 0.208; SE = 0.059; B = 0.213, p < 0.01) and self-efficacy (b = 0.532; SE = 0.058; B = 0.537, p < 0.001) showed statistically significant independent associations with intention to stay home. The specific beliefs underlying the decision to stay home spanned across health and wellness dimensions and suggested interpersonal, mental health, and leisure/recreational facilitators. Conclusions: These findings suggest three public health intervention targets. First, self-efficacy building interventions could enhance older adults' perceptions of their ability to stay home to avoid unnecessary exposures. Second, health communication messages to address injunctive norms could emphasize that people important to older adults think they should stay home. Third, for the youngest of the older adults, health communication messages could emphasize the advantages of staying home.
- Keyword:
- older people, stay at home orders, reasoned action approach, self-efficacy, belief determinants, COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19--prevention & control, Physical Distancing, Aged, Self Efficacy
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Social distancing (Public health), Older people, Self-efficacy
- Creator:
- Macy, Jonathan T., Owens, Christopher, Mullis, Kristina, Middlestadt, Susan E.
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-06-04
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34150704
- Title:
- Respiratory Microbial Co-infection With SARS-CoV-2
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Massey BW, Jayathilake K, Meltzer HY. Respiratory Microbial Co-infection With SARS-CoV-2. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2020;11:7.
- Abstract:
- Co-infection with additional pathogens is a well-known feature of pandemics. We determined the prevalence and type of a wide variety of respiratory pathogens in 12,075 United States subjects tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection in March and April 2020. Infections with other respiratory pathogens, which on their own produce at least some SARS-CoV-2 symptoms including mortality, were present in both SARS-CoV-2 + and SARS-CoV-2- subjects. Non-SARS-CoV-2 infection rates were significantly higher in SARS-CoV-2 + (86%) patients than SARS-CoV-2- patients (76%) (p< 0.0001). Among the co-pathogens present in both subject groups were K. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis which can produce serious respiratory illness on their own, Advanced age and nursing home status were associated with higher SARS-CoV-2 + and co-infection rates. Testing for the presence of co-pathogens going forward will assist in the diagnosis and optimal treatment of suspected SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections in the current pandemic.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, respiratory co-infection, K. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis, nursing home, age, race
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Coinfection, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Health Services for the Aged, Nursing Homes
- Creator:
- Massey, Bill W, Jayathilake, Karu, Meltzer, Herbert Y
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-08-25
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32983056
- Title:
- Toward Accurate and Robust Environmental Surveillance Using Metagenomics
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Shen JX, McFarland AG, Young VB, Hayden MK, Hartmann EM. Toward Accurate and Robust Environmental Surveillance Using Metagenomics. Frontiers in Genetics. 2021;12:8.
- Abstract:
- Environmental surveillance is a critical tool for combatting public health threats represented by the global COVID-19 pandemic and the continuous increase of antibiotic resistance in pathogens. With its power to detect entire microbial communities, metagenomics-based methods stand out in addressing the need. However, several hurdles remain to be overcome in order to generate actionable interpretations from metagenomic sequencing data for infection prevention. Conceptually and technically, we focus on viability assessment, taxonomic resolution, and quantitative metagenomics, and discuss their current advancements, necessary precautions and directions to further development. We highlight the importance of building solid conceptual frameworks and identifying rational limits to facilitate the application of techniques. We also propose the usage of internal standards as a promising approach to overcome analytical bottlenecks introduced by low biomass samples and the inherent lack of quantitation in metagenomics. Taken together, we hope this perspective will contribute to bringing accurate and consistent metagenomics-based environmental surveillance to the ground.
- Keyword:
- viability, limit of detection, metagenomics, taxonomic resolution, environmental surveillance, quantitative metagenomics
- Subject: MESH:
- Metagenomics, Limit of Detection
- Creator:
- SHEN, Jiaxian, McFarland, Alexander G, Young, Vincent B, Hayden, Mary K, Hartmann, Erica Marie
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-03-05
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33747038
- Title:
- Type I Interferon (IFN)-Regulated Activation of Canonical and Non-Canonical Signaling Pathways
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Mazewski C, Perez RE, Fish EN, Platanias LC. Type I Interferon (IFN)-Regulated Activation of Canonical and Non-Canonical Signaling Pathways. Frontiers in Immunology. 2020;11:13.
- Abstract:
- For several decades there has been accumulating evidence implicating type I interferons (IFNs) as key elements of the immune response. Therapeutic approaches incorporating different recombinant type I IFN proteins have been successfully employed to treat a diverse group of diseases with significant and positive outcomes. The biological activities of type I IFNs are consequences of signaling events occurring in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. Biochemical events involving JAK/STAT proteins that control transcriptional activation of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) were the first to be identified and are referred to as canonical signaling. Subsequent identification of JAK/STAT-independent signaling pathways, critical for ISG transcription and/or mRNA translation, are denoted as non-canonical or non-classical pathways. In this review, we summarize these signaling cascades and discuss recent developments in the field, specifically as they relate to the biological and clinical implications of engagement of both canonical and non-canonical pathways.
- Keyword:
- interferon, signaling, MAP kinase signaling, signal transducer and activator of transcription, mammalian target of rapamycin, mRNA translation, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta, Signal Transduction, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Sirolimus, Protein Biosynthesis, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
- Creator:
- Mazewski, Candice Elise, Perez, Ricardo Ernesto, Fish, Eleanor N, Platanias, Leonidas C
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-11-23
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33329603
- Title:
- Patient Perspectives on Telepsychiatry on the Inpatient Psychiatric Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Heyman-Kanto R, Hardy N, Corcoran AR. Patient Perspectives on Telepsychiatry on the Inpatient Psychiatric Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Patient Experience. 2020;7(5):677-679.
- Abstract:
- Hospitals have eliminated many in-person interactions and established new protocols to stem the spread of COVID-19. Inpatient psychiatric units face unique challenges, as patients cannot be isolated in their rooms and are at times unable to practice social distancing measures. Many institutions have experimented with providing some psychiatric services remotely to reduce the number of people physically present on the wards and decrease the risk of disease transmission. This case report presents 2 patient perspectives on receiving psychiatric care via videoconferencing while on the inpatient unit of a large academic tertiary care hospital. One patient identified some benefits to virtual treatment while the second found the experience impersonal; both were satisfied with the overall quality of care they received and were stable 2 weeks after discharge. These cases demonstrate that effective care can be provided remotely even to severely ill psychiatric patients who require hospitalization.
- Keyword:
- telemedicine, mental health, psychiatry, COVID-19, patient experience
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Telemedicine, Mental Health, Psychiatry, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Qualitative Research
- Creator:
- Heyman-Kanto, Reuben, Hardy, Nathan Ellis, Corcoran, Amy Rose
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-10
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33294598
- Title:
- Family Meetings in the Intensive Care Unit During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Piscitello GM, Fukushima CM, Saulitis AK, Tian KT, Hwang J, Gupta S, Sheldon M. Family Meetings in the Intensive Care Unit During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2021;38(3):305-312.
- Abstract:
- Purpose: Visitor restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic limit in-person family meetings for hospitalized patients. We aimed to evaluate the quantity of family meetings by telephone, video and in-person during the COVID-19 pandemic by manual chart review. Secondary outcomes included rate of change in patient goals of care between video and in-person meetings, the timing of family meetings, and variability in meetings by race and ethnicity. Methods: A retrospective cohort study evaluated patients admitted to the intensive care unit at an urban academic hospital between March and June 2020. Patients lacking decision-making capacity and receiving a referral for a video meeting were included in this study. Results: Most patients meeting inclusion criteria (N = 61/481, 13%) had COVID-19 pneumonia (n = 57/61, 93%). A total of 650 documented family meetings occurred. Few occurred in-person (n = 70/650, 11%) or discussed goals of care (n = 233/650, 36%). For meetings discussing goals of care, changes in patient goals of care occurred more often for in-person meetings rather than by video (36% vs. 11%, p = 0.0006). The average time to the first goals of care family meeting was 11.4 days from admission. More documented telephone meetings per admission were observed for White (10.5, SD 9.5) and Black/African-American (7.1, SD 6.6) patients compared to Hispanic or Latino patients (4.9, SD 4.9) (p = 0.02). Conclusions: During this period of strict visitor restrictions, few family meetings occurred in-person. Statistically significant fewer changes in patient goals of care occurred following video meetings compared to in-person meetings, providing support limiting in-person meetings may affect patient care.
- Keyword:
- family meetings, intensive care unit, telehealth, critical care, patient-physician communication, COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Intensive Care Units, Telemedicine, Critical Care, Visitors to Patients
- Creator:
- Piscitello, Gina M., Fukushima, Corinna M., Saulitis, Anna K., Tian, Katherine T., Hwang, Jennifer, Gupta, Shreya, Sheldon, Mark
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-03
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33207937
- Title:
- Probing the SAM Binding Site of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp14 In Vitro Using SAM Competitive Inhibitors Guides Developing Selective Bisubstrate Inhibitors
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Devkota K, Schapira M, Perveen S, Yazdi AK, Li FL, Chau I, Ghiabi P, Hajian T, Loppnau P, Bolotokova A, Satchell KJF, Wang K, Li DY, Liu J, Smil D, Luo MK, Jin J, Fish PV, Brown PJ, Vedadi M. Probing the SAM Binding Site of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp14 In Vitro Using SAM Competitive Inhibitors Guides Developing Selective Bisubstrate Inhibitors. Slas Discovery. 2021;26(9):1200-1211.
- Abstract:
- The COVID-19 pandemic has clearly brought the healthcare systems worldwide to a breaking point, along with devastating socioeconomic consequences. The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes the disease, uses RNA capping to evade the human immune system. Nonstructural protein (nsp) 14 is one of the 16 nsps in SARS-CoV-2 and catalyzes the methylation of the viral RNA at N7-guanosine in the cap formation process. To discover small-molecule inhibitors of nsp14 methyltransferase (MTase) activity, we developed and employed a radiometric MTase assay to screen a library of 161 in-house synthesized S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) competitive MTase inhibitors and SAM analogs. Among six identified screening hits, SS148 inhibited nsp14 MTase activity with an IC50 value of 70 +/- 6 nM and was selective against 20 human protein lysine MTases, indicating significant differences in SAM binding sites. Interestingly, DS0464 with an IC50 value of 1.1 +/- 0.2 mu M showed a bisubstrate competitive inhibitor mechanism of action. DS0464 was also selective against 28 out of 33 RNA, DNA, and protein MTases. The structure-activity relationship provided by these compounds should guide the optimization of selective bisubstrate nsp14 inhibitors and may provide a path toward a novel class of antivirals against COVID-19, and possibly other coronaviruses.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, nsp14, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus
- Subject: MESH:
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, S-Adenosylmethionine, Binding Sites
- Creator:
- Devkota, Kanchan, Schapira, Matthieu, Perveen, Sumera, Yazdi, Aliakbar Khalili, Li, Fengling, Chau, Irene, Ghiabi, Pegah, Hajian, Taraneh, Loppnau, Peter, Bolotokova, Albina, Satchell, Karla J. F., Wang, Ke, Li, Deyao, Liu, Jing, Smil, David, Luo, Minkui, Jin, Jian, Fish, Paul, V., Brown, Peter J., Vedadi, Masoud
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-10
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34192965
- Title:
- Comprehensive Literature Review and Evidence evaluation of Experimental Treatment in COVID 19 Contagion
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Boregowda U, Gandhi D, Jain N, Khanna K, Gupta N. Comprehensive Literature Review and Evidence evaluation of Experimental Treatment in COVID 19 Contagion. Clinical Medicine Insights-Circulatory Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine. 2020;14:7.
- Abstract:
- IMPORTANCE: Coronavirus 2019 pandemic (COVID 19) is caused by the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) virus. The pandemic is affecting the livelihood of millions of people all over the world. At the time of preparing this report, the pandemic has affected 1 827 284 patients, with 113 031 deaths in 185 countries as per Johns Hopkins University. With no proven treatment for the disease, prevention of the disease in the community and healthcare setting is need of the hour. OBJECTIVE: To perform a comprehensive literature search for preventive measures and experimental treatment options. In this review, we have focused our discussion on the risk of disease transmission, supportive treatment, and possible treatment options based on available evidence. EVIDENCE REVIEW: We performed a literature search on google scholar, PubMed, and society guidelines for literature related to COVID 19 and previous coronavirus pandemics. We included data review articles, observational studies, and controlled trials to synthesize the treatment options for COVID 19. FINDINGS: In this article, we have extensively reviewed and discussed recommendations from various world organizations for the public and healthcare workers. We have also discussed currently available experimental treatments since there is no proven treatment for COVID 19. The best method of dealing with the current outbreak is to reduce the community spread and thus flatten the curve. Although Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, and Azithromycin have been tried, passive immunity through convalescent serum and vaccine is still at an experimental stage. Patients with severe COVID 19 infections could be considered for this experimental treatment through various national randomized control trials, which may eventually lead to an evidence-based treatment strategy. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Awareness of currently available experimental treatment among healthcare providers and exploration of possible treatment options through evidence is need of the hour. We have discussed the most recently available literature and evidence behind experimental treatment in this article.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, coronavirus, Wuhan, Remdesivir, pandemic, RT-PCR
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Biomedical Research
- Creator:
- Boregowda, Umesha, Gandhi, Darshan, Jain, Nitin, Khanna, Kanika, Gupta, Nishant
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-10
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 35173507
- Title:
- Resumption of Sport at the United States Olympic and Paralympic Training Facilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Shah AB, Nabhan D, Chapman R, Chiampas G, Drezner J, Olin JT, Taylor D, Finnoff JT, Baggish AL. Resumption of Sport at the United States Olympic and Paralympic Training Facilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sports Health-a Multidisciplinary Approach. 2021;13(4):359-363.
- Abstract:
- In this brief report, we describe the safety of reopening US Olympic and Paralympic Training facilities (USOPTFs) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic from July 2020 through October 2020. We evaluated the prevalence of COVID-19 infection at the time of reentry and cardiopulmonary sequelae of COVID-19 in elite athletes. All athletes returning to a USOPTF were required to go through a reentry protocol consisting of an electronic health history, a 6-day quarantine including twice-daily symptom surveys, COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction and antibody testing, physical examination, 12-lead electrocardiogram, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, and pulmonary function testing. Athletes with current or prior COVID-19 infection also underwent an echocardiogram, cardiology consultation, and additional testing as indicated. All athletes followed rigorous infection prevention measures and minimized contact with the outside community following reentry. At the time of this report, 301 athletes completed the reentry protocol among which 14 (4.7%) tested positive for active (positive polymerase chain reaction test, n = 3) or prior (positive antibody test, n = 11) COVID-19 infection. During the study period, this cohort accrued 14,916 days living and training at USOPTFs. Only one (0.3%) athlete was subsequently diagnosed with a new COVID-19 infection. No cardiopulmonary pathology attributable to COVID-19 was detected. Our findings suggest that residential elite athlete training facilities can successfully resume activity during the COVID-19 pandemic when strict reentry and infection prevention measures are followed. Dissemination of our reentry quarantine and screening protocols with COVID-19 mitigation measures may assist the global sports and medical community develop best practices for reopening of similar training centers.
- Keyword:
- elite athlete training, COVID-19, myocardial injury, return-to-play
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Athletes, Myocardial Contusions
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- United States
- Creator:
- Shah, Ankit B, Nabhan, Dustin, Chapman, Robert Scott, Chiampas, George T, Drezner, Jonathan, Olin, J. Tod, Taylor, David E, Finnoff, Jonathan T, Baggish, Aaron L
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33709838
- Title:
- Comorbid Medical Conditions in Young Athletes: Considerations for Preparticipation Guidance During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Harmon KG, Pottinger PS, Baggish AL, Drezner JA, Luks AM, Thompson AA, Swaminathan S. Comorbid Medical Conditions in Young Athletes: Considerations for Preparticipation Guidance During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sports Health-a Multidisciplinary Approach. 2020;12(5):456-458.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, athlete, obesity, diabetes, asthma
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Athletes, Comorbidity, Asthma, Obesity
- Creator:
- Pottinger, Paul S, Harmon, Kimberly G, Baggish, Aaron L, Drezner, Jonathan A, Luks, Andrew M, Thompson, Alexis A, Swaminathan, Sankar
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-09
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32579436
- Title:
- Emergency Department Patient Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Karalius VP, Kaskar SB, Levine DA, Darling TA, Loftus TM, McCarthy DM. Emergency Department Patient Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Patient Experience. 2021;8:7.
- Abstract:
- Emergency department (ED) utilization changed notably during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States. The purpose of the study was to gain a more thorough understanding of ED patient experience during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used the consensual qualitative approach to analyze open-ended responses from post-ED patient experience surveys from February through July 2020. Comments were included in the analysis if they pertained to care during the pandemic (eg, mentioned the virus, masks, PPE). A total of 242 COVID-specific comments from 192 unique patients were analyzed (median age 49 years; 69% female). Six themes were identified: visually observed changes, experiences of process changes, expressions of understanding or appreciation, sense of security, COVID-19 disease-specific comments, and classic satisfaction comments that align with previous literature on patient experience. The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged health care systems across the world in unique and unprecedented ways. This study identified six themes that better elucidate ED patient experience during an unprecedented public health crisis.
- Keyword:
- COVID, coronavirus, emergency department, patient, satisfaction, experience
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Emergency Service, Hospital, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Qualitative Research
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- United States
- Creator:
- Karalius, Vytas Petras, Kaskar, Saabir, Levine, Daniel Adam, Darling, Tiffani A, Loftus, Timothy Michael, McCarthy, Danielle Molloy
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-07-23
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34368429
248. Factors Associated With Intubation and Prolonged Intubation in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
- Title:
- Factors Associated With Intubation and Prolonged Intubation in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Hur K, Price CPE, Gray EL, Gulati RK, Maksimoski M, Racette SD, Schneider AL, Khanwalkar AR. Factors Associated With Intubation and Prolonged Intubation in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 2020;163(1):170-178.
- Abstract:
- Objective To identify risk factors associated with intubation and time to extubation in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Study Design Retrospective observational study. Setting Ten hospitals in the Chicago metropolitan area. Subjects and Methods Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted between March 1 and April 8, 2020, were included. We evaluated sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with intubation and prolonged intubation for acute respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19 infection. Results Of the 486 hospitalized patients included in the study, the median age was 59 years (interquartile range, 47-69); 271 (55.8%) were male; and the median body mass index was 30.6 (interquartile range, 26.5-35.6). During the hospitalization, 138 (28.4%) patients were intubated; 78 (56.5%) were eventually extubated; 21 (15.2%) died; and 39 (28.3%) remained intubated at a mean +/- SD follow-up of 19.6 +/- 6.7 days. Intubated patients had a significantly higher median age (65 vs 57 years, P < .001) and rate of diabetes (56 [40.6%] vs 104 [29.9%], P = .031) as compared with nonintubated patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age, sex, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, history of diabetes, and shortness of breath as factors predictive of intubation. Age and body mass index were the only factors independently associated with time to extubation. Conclusion In addition to clinical signs of respiratory distress, patients with COVID-19 who are older, male, or diabetic are at higher risk of requiring intubation. Among intubated patients, older and more obese patients are at higher risk for prolonged intubation. Otolaryngologists consulted for airway management should consider these factors in their decision making.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, hospitalized, adults, mechanical ventilator, intubation, tracheostomy
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Hospitalization, Intubation, Tracheostomy, Ventilators, Mechanical
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Illinois--Chicago
- Creator:
- Hur, Kevin, Price, Caroline P E, Gray, Elizabeth Lucia, Gulati, Reeti Kiran, Maksimoski, Matthew Thomas, Racette, Samuel David, Schneider, Alexander Louis, Khanwalkar, Ashoke R
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32423368
- Title:
- Using Tweets to Understand How COVID-19-Related Health Beliefs Are Affected in the Age of Social Media: Twitter Data Analysis Study
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Wang HY, Li YK, Hutch M, Naidech A, Luo Y. Using Tweets to Understand How COVID-19-Related Health Beliefs Are Affected in the Age of Social Media: Twitter Data Analysis Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2021;23(2):15.
- Abstract:
- Background: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 (ie, COVID-19) has given rise to a global pandemic affecting 215 countries and over 40 million people as of October 2020. Meanwhile, we are also experiencing an infodemic induced by the overabundance of information, some accurate and some inaccurate, spreading rapidly across social media platforms. Social media has arguably shifted the information acquisition and dissemination of a considerably large population of internet users toward higher interactivities. Objective: This study aimed to investigate COVID-19-related health beliefs on one of the mainstream social media platforms, Twitter, as well as potential impacting factors associated with fluctuations in health beliefs on social media. Methods: We used COVID-19-related posts from the mainstream social media platform Twitter to monitor health beliefs. A total of 92,687,660 tweets corresponding to 8,967,986 unique users from January 6 to June 21, 2020, were retrieved. To quantify health beliefs, we employed the health belief model (HBM) with four core constructs: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers. We utilized natural language processing and machine learning techniques to automate the process of judging the conformity of each tweet with each of the four HBM constructs. A total of 5000 tweets were manually annotated for training the machine learning architectures. Results: The machine learning classifiers yielded areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves over 0.86 for the classification of all four HBM constructs. Our analyses revealed a basic reproduction number R(0 )of 7.62 for trends in the number of Twitter users posting health belief-related content over the study period. The fluctuations in the number of health belief-related tweets could reflect dynamics in case and death statistics, systematic interventions, and public events. Specifically, we observed that scientific events, such as scientific publications, and nonscientific events, such as politicians' speeches, were comparable in their ability to influence health belief trends on social media through a Kruskal-Wallis test (P=.78 and P=.92 for perceived benefits and perceived barriers, respectively). Conclusions: As an analogy of the classic epidemiology model where an infection is considered to be spreading in a population with an R-0 greater than 1, we found that the number of users tweeting about COVID-19 health beliefs was amplifying in an epidemic manner and could partially intensify the infodemic. It is unhealthy that both scientific and nonscientific events constitute no disparity in impacting the health belief trends on Twitter, since nonscientific events, such as politicians' speeches, might not be endorsed by substantial evidence and could sometimes be misleading.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, social media, health belief, Twitter, infodemic, infodemiology, machine learning, natural language processing
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Social Media, Health Belief Model, Infodemic, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing
- Creator:
- Wang, Hanyin, LI, YIKUAN, Hutch, Meghan Rose, Naidech, Andrew M, Luo, Yuan
- Publisher:
- JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-02-22
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33529155
- Title:
- Dynamic Panel Surveillance of COVID-19 Transmission in the United States to Inform Health Policy: Observational Statistical Study
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Oehmke JF, Moss CB, Singh LN, Oehmke TB, Post LA. Dynamic Panel Surveillance of COVID-19 Transmission in the United States to Inform Health Policy: Observational Statistical Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2020;22(10):20.
- Abstract:
- Background: The Great COVID-19 Shutdown aimed to eliminate or slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The United States has no national policy, leaving states to independently implement public health guidelines that are predicated on a sustained decline in COVID-19 cases. Operationalization of sustained decline varies by state and county. Existing models of COVID-19 transmission rely on parameters such as case estimates or R-0 and are dependent on intensive data collection efforts. Static statistical models do not capture all of the relevant dynamics required to measure sustained declines. Moreover, existing COVID-19 models use data that are subject to significant measurement error and contamination. Objective: This study will generate novel metrics of speed, acceleration, jerk, and 7-day lag in the speed of COVID-19 transmission using state government tallies of SARS-CoV-2 infections, including state-level dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infections. This study provides the prototype for a global surveillance system to inform public health practice, including novel standardized metrics of COVID-19 transmission, for use in combination with traditional surveillance tools. Methods: Dynamic panel data models were estimated with the Arellano-Bond estimator using the generalized method of moments. This statistical technique allows for the control of a variety of deficiencies in the existing data. Tests of the validity of the model and statistical techniques were applied. Results: The statistical approach was validated based on the regression results, which determined recent changes in the pattern of infection. During the weeks of August 17-23 and August 24-30, 2020, there were substantial regional differences in the evolution of the US pandemic. Census regions 1 and 2 were relatively quiet with a small but significant persistence effect that remained relatively unchanged from the prior 2 weeks. Census region 3 was sensitive to the number of tests administered, with a high constant rate of cases. A weekly special analysis showed that these results were driven by states with a high number of positive test reports from universities. Census region 4 had a high constant number of cases and a significantly increased persistence effect during the week of August 24-30. This change represents an increase in the transmission model R value for that week and is consistent with a re-emergence of the pandemic. Conclusions: Reopening the United States comes with three certainties: (1) the social end of the pandemic and reopening are going to occur before the medical end even while the pandemic is growing. We need improved standardized surveillance techniques to inform leaders when it is safe to open sections of the country; (2) varying public health policies and guidelines unnecessarily result in varying degrees of transmission and outbreaks; and (3) even those states most successful in containing the pandemic continue to see a small but constant stream of new cases daily.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, models, surveillance, reopening America, contagion, metrics, health policy, public health
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Public Health Surveillance, Health Policy, Models, Statistical, Data Interpretation, Statistical
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- United States
- Creator:
- Oehmke, James Francis, Moss, Charles B., Singh, Lauren Nadya, Oehmke, Theresa Bristol, Post, Lori Ann
- Publisher:
- JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-10-05
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32924962
- Title:
- Dynamic Panel Estimate-Based Health Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rates to Inform Public Health Policy: Model Development and Validation
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Oehmke JF, Oehmke TB, Singh LN, Post LA. Dynamic Panel Estimate-Based Health Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rates to Inform Public Health Policy: Model Development and Validation. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2020;22(9):12.
- Abstract:
- Background: SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19, is a global pandemic with higher mortality and morbidity than any other virus in the last 100 years. Without public health surveillance, policy makers cannot know where and how the disease is accelerating, decelerating, and shifting. Unfortunately, existing models of COVID-19 contagion rely on parameters such as the basic reproduction number and use static statistical methods that do not capture all the relevant dynamics needed for surveillance. Existing surveillance methods use data that are subject to significant measurement error and other contaminants. Objective: The aim of this study is to provide a proof of concept of the creation of surveillance metrics that correct for measurement error and data contamination to determine when it is safe to ease pandemic restrictions. We applied state-of-the-art statistical modeling to existing internet data to derive the best available estimates of the state-level dynamics of COVID-19 infection in the United States. Methods: Dynamic panel data (DPD) models were estimated with the Arellano-Bond estimator using the generalized method of moments. This statistical technique enables control of various deficiencies in a data set. The validity of the model and statistical technique was tested. Results: A Wald chi-square test of the explanatory power of the statistical approach indicated that it is valid (chi(2)(10)=1489.84, P<.001), and a Sargan chi-square test indicated that the model identification is valid (chi(2)(946) 935.52, P=.59). The 7-day persistence rate for the week of June 27 to July 3 was 0.5188 (P<.001), meaning that every 10,000 new cases in the prior week were associated with 5188 cases 7 days later. For the week of July 4 to 10, the 7-day persistence rate increased by 0.2691 (P=.003), indicating that every 10,000 new cases in the prior week were associated with 7879 new cases 7 days later. Applied to the reported number of cases, these results indicate an increase of almost 100 additional new cases per day per state for the week of July 4-10. This signifies an increase in the reproduction parameter in the contagion models and corroborates the hypothesis that economic reopening without applying best public health practices is associated with a resurgence of the pandemic. Conclusions: DPD models successfully correct for measurement error and data contamination and are useful to derive surveillance metrics. The opening of America involves two certainties. the country will be COVID-19-free only when there is an effective vaccine, and the social end of the pandemic will occur before the medical end. Therefore, improved surveillance metrics are needed to inform leaders of how to open sections of the United States more safely. DPD models can inform this reopening in combination with the extraction of COVID-19 data from existing websites.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, models, surveillance, COVID-19 surveillance system, dynamic panel data, infectious disease modeling, reopening America, COVID-19 guidelines, COVID-19 health policy
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Public Health Surveillance, Models, Statistical, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Health Policy
- Creator:
- Oehmke, James Francis, Oehmke, Theresa B, Post, Lori Ann, Singh, Lauren Nadya
- Publisher:
- JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-09-22
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32915762
- Title:
- Psychosocial Challenges and Opportunities for Youth With Chronic Health Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Serlachius A, Badawy SM, Thabrew H. Psychosocial Challenges and Opportunities for Youth With Chronic Health Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2020;22(10):8.
- Abstract:
- School closures, altered access to health services, and economic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic have likely had an impact on the mental and physical well-being of youth worldwide, particularly among those with chronic health conditions (CHCs). A number of challenges and opportunities have emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic for youth with CHCs. Challenges include heightened anxiety, disrupted routines, academic and social stresses associated with school closure, increased risk of domestic violence and abuse, and reduced access to physical and psychosocial support. On the other hand, opportunities include reduced academic and social stress, increased time with families, reduced access to substances, easier access to health care using technology, and opportunities to build resilience. This viewpoint paper highlights both challenges and opportunities for youth with CHCs during the pandemic and offers recommendations for further research and clinical care.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, coronavirus, pandemic, chronic illness, youth, adolescents, children, psychosocial, anxiety
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Chronic Disease, Adolescent Health, Psychosocial Functioning, Anxiety
- Creator:
- Serlachius, Anna, Badawy, Sherif M, Thabrew, Hiran
- Publisher:
- JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-10-12
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33001834
- Title:
- Reply to COVID-19 encephalopathy, Bayes rule, and a plea for casecontrol studies
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Liotta EM, Batra A, Koralnik IJ. Reply to COVID-19 encephalopathy, Bayes rule, and a plea for case-control studies. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. 2021;8(3):726-726.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Research Design
- Creator:
- Liotta, Eric Michael, Batra, Ayush, Koralnik, Igor Jerome
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-03
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Letter
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33512080
- Title:
- Coronavirus Disease-19: An Interim Evidence Synthesis of the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (Waidid)
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Abu-Raya B, Migliori GB, O'Ryan M, Edwards K, Torres A, Alffenaar JW, Martson AG, Centis R, D'Ambrosio L, Flanagan K, Hung I, Lauretani F, Leung CC, Leuridan E, Maertens K, Maggio MG, Nadel S, Hens N, Niesters H, Osterhaus A, Pontali E, Principi N, Silva DR, Omer S, Spanevello A, Sverzellati N, Tan TN, Torres-Torreti JP, Visca D, Esposito S. Coronavirus Disease-19: An Interim Evidence Synthesis of the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (Waidid). Frontiers in Medicine. 2020;7:20.
- Abstract:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly evolving, highly transmissible, and potentially lethal pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of June 11 2020, more than 7,000,000 COVID-19 cases have been reported worldwide, and more than 400,000 patients have died, affecting at least 188 countries. While literature on the disease is rapidly accumulating, an integrated, multinational perspective on clinical manifestations, immunological effects, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of COVID-19 can be of global benefit. We aimed to synthesize the most relevant literature and experiences in different parts of the world through our global consortium of experts to provide a consensus-based document at this early stage of the pandemic.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, coronavirus, intensive care management, prevention, workplace safety, infection control, SARS-CoV-2, physical distancing
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Critical Care, Infection Control
- Creator:
- Abu-Raya, Bahaa, Migliori, Giovanni Battista, O'Ryan, Miguel, Edwards, Kathryn, Torres, Antoni, Alffenaar, Jan-Willem, Martson, Anne-Grete, Centis, Rosella, D'Ambrosio, Lia, Flanagan, Katie, Hung, Ivan, Lauretani, Fulvio, Leung, Chi Chi, Leuridan, Elke, Maertens, Kirsten, Maggio, Marcello Giuseppe, Nadel, Simon, Hens, Niel, Niesters, Hubert, Osterhaus, Albert, Pontali, Emanuele, Principi, Nicola, Rossato Silva, Denise, Omer, Saad, Spanevello, Antonio, Sverzellati, Nicola, Tan, Tina Quanbee, Torres-Torreti, Juan Pablo, Visca, Dina, Esposito, Susanna
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-10-30
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33195319
- Title:
- Anticoagulation practice patterns in COVID-19: A global survey
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Rosovsky RP, Sanfilippo KM, Wang TF, Rajan SK, Shah S, Martin KA, Ainle FN, Huisman M, Hunt BJ, Kahn SR, Kevane B, Lee AYY, McLintock C, Kreuziger LB. Anticoagulation practice patterns in COVID-19: A global survey. Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2020;4(6):969-983.
- Abstract:
- Background Best practice for prevention, diagnosis, and management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unknown due to limited published data in this population. Objectives We aimed to assess current global practice and experience in management of COVID-19-associated coagulopathy to identify information to guide prospective and randomized studies. Methods Physicians were queried about their current approach to prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment of VTE in patients with COVID-19 using an online survey tool distributed through multiple international organizations between April 10 and 14, 2020. Results Five hundred fifteen physicians from 41 countries responded. The majority of respondents (78%) recommended prophylactic anticoagulation for all hospitalized patients with COVID-19, with most recommending use of low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin. Significant practice variation was found regarding the need for dose escalation of anticoagulation outside the setting of confirmed or suspected VTE. Respondents reported the use of bedside testing when unable to perform standard diagnostic imaging for diagnosis of VTE. Two hundred ninety-one respondents reported observing thrombotic complications in their patients, with 64% noting that the complication was pulmonary embolism. Of the 44% of respondents who estimated incidence of thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 in their hospital, estimates ranged widely from 1% to 50%. One hundred seventy-four respondents noted bleeding complications (34% minor bleeding, 14% clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding, and 12% major bleeding). Conclusion Well-designed epidemiologic studies are urgently needed to understand the incidence and risk factors of VTE and bleeding complications in patients with COVID-19. Randomized clinical trials addressing use of anticoagulation are also needed.
- Keyword:
- anticoagulants, bleeding, blood coagulation, COVID-19, venous thromboembolism
- Subject: MESH:
- SARS-CoV-2, Anticoagulants, Blood Coagulation, Venous Thromboembolism, COVID-19
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Blood--Coagulation, Thromboembolism
- Creator:
- Rosovsky, Rachel, Sanfilippo, Kristen M., Wang, Tzu Fei, Rajan, Sandeep K., Shah, Surbhi, Martin, Karlyn A, Ni Ainle, Fionnuala, Huisman, Menno, Hunt, Beverley J., Kahn, Susan R., Kevane, Barry, Lee, Agnes Y. Y., McLintock, Claire, Kreuziger, Lisa Baumann
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-08
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32838111
- Title:
- Attitudes and Perceptions of Telemedicine in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of Naive Healthcare Providers
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Schinasi DA, Foster CC, Bohling MK, Barrera L, Macy ML. Attitudes and Perceptions of Telemedicine in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of Naive Healthcare Providers. Frontiers in Pediatrics. 2021;9:7.
- Abstract:
- Introduction: Expansion of telemedicine enabled healthcare access during the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to in-person visit restrictions, our institution trained >1,000 clinicians in telemedicine. Little is known about telemedicine-naive pediatric healthcare provider's perceptions as they adopted telemedicine practice. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of clinicians after expanding telemedicine practice at an independent children's hospital. The survey assessed experience with, concerns about, and intentions to continue telemedicine. Outpatient providers were included if they were first trained for telemedicine in response to COVID-19 and conducted at least one video visit, 3/21/2020-6/30/2020. Descriptive statistics were calculated; perceptions were compared across telemedicine activity level quartiles (based on proportions of visits delivered by video in June 2020) using Fisher's exact tests. Results: Of 609 survey responses, 305 (50.1%) met inclusion criteria, representing various roles and disciplines. Over half (54.1%) conducted >20 video visits 3/21/2020-6/30/2020. More than 75% of providers found telemedicine easy to learn. Providers with greater proportions of video visits in a typical week in June reported greater ease of incorporating telemedicine into clinical practice and greater intention to continue telemedicine practice in 6 months. Nearly all providers endorsed concerns. Patient care experiences reinforced technology-related concerns and alleviated liability and privacy concerns. Payer reimbursement was the leading influencer of anticipated future use of telemedicine. Discussion: Providers who conducted more telemedicine encounters reported greater ease of incorporating telemedicine into practice. Provider concerns were influenced by patient care experiences. Targeted training and quality improvement strategies are needed to sustain a robust post-pandemic telemedicine program.
- Keyword:
- telemedicine, telehealth, COVID-19, pediatric, children's hospital, healthcare provider
- Subject: MESH:
- Pediatrics, Telemedicine, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
- Subject: LCSH:
- Pediatrics, Telecommunication in medicine, COVID-19 (Disease)
- Creator:
- Schinasi, Dana Aronson, Foster, Carolyn Christine, Bohling, M. Katie, Barrera, Leonardo, Macy, Michelle Lea
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-04-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33898361
- Title:
- Antibiotic-resistant bacteria: COVID-19 hasn't made the challenge go away
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Waterer G, Pickens CI, Wunderink R. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria: COVID-19 hasn't made the challenge go away. Respirology. 2021;26(11):1024-1026.
- Keyword:
- antibiotics, antimicrobial stewardship, bacteria, pneumonia, resistance, end of life, care
- Subject: MESH:
- Anti-Bacterial Agents, Pneumonia, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Terminal Care
- Subject: LCSH:
- Antibiotics, Pneumonia, Drug resistance in microorganisms, Terminal care
- Creator:
- Waterer, Grant W, Pickens, Chiagozie Ifeoma, Wunderink, Richard G
- Publisher:
- John Wiley & Sons
- Page Number:
- 3
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-10-01
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Editorial
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34596927
- Title:
- Acral Changes in pediatric patients during COVID 19 pandemic: Registry report from the COVID 19 response task force of the society of pediatric dermatology (SPD) and pediatric dermatology research alliance (PeDRA)
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Castelo-Soccio L, Lara-Corrales I, Paller AS, Bean E, Rangu S, Oboite M, Flohr C, Ahmad RC, Calberg V, Gilliam A, Pope E, Reynolds S, Sibbald C, Shin HT, Berger E, Schaffer J, Siegel MP, Cordoro KM. Acral Changes in pediatric patients during COVID 19 pandemic: Registry report from the COVID 19 response task force of the society of pediatric dermatology (SPD) and pediatric dermatology research alliance (PeDRA). Pediatric Dermatology. 2021;38(2):364-370.
- Abstract:
- Background/Objective In spring 2020, high numbers of children presented with acral pernio-like skin rashes, concurrent with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding their clinical characteristics/ infection status may provide prognostic information and facilitate decisions about management. Methods A pediatric-specific dermatology registry was created by the Pediatric Dermatology COVID-19 Response Task Force of the Society for Pediatric Dermatology (SPD) and Pediatric Dermatology Research Alliance (PeDRA) and was managed by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia using REDCap. Results Data from 378 children 0-18 years entered into the registry between April 13 and July 17, 2020 were analyzed. Data were drawn from a standardized questionnaire completed by clinicians which asked for demographics, description of acral lesions, symptoms before and after acral changes, COVID-19 positive contacts, treatment, duration of skin changes, laboratory testing including SARS-CoV-2 PCR and antibody testing, as well as histopathology. 229 (60.6%) were male with mean age of 13.0 years (+/- 3.6 years). Six (1.6%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Pedal lesions (often with pruritus and/or pain) were present in 96%. 30% (114/378) had COVID-19 symptoms during the 30 days prior to presentation. Most (69%) had no other symptoms and an uneventful course with complete recovery. Conclusions and Relevance Children with acral pernio-like changes were healthy and all recovered with no short-term sequelae. We believe these acral changes are not just a temporal epiphenomenon of shelter in place during the spring months of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and may be a late phase reaction that needs further study.
- Keyword:
- exanthems, skin signs of systemic disease, viral infection, COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- Exanthema, SARS-CoV-2, Pediatrics, COVID-19
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Pediatrics, Skin--Inflammation
- Creator:
- Castelo-Soccio, Leslie, Lara-Corrales, Irene, Paller, Amy, Bean, Eric, Rangu, Sneha, Oboite, Michelle, Flohr, Carsten, Ahmad, Regina-Celeste, Calberg, Valerie, Gilliam, Amy, Pope, Elena, Reynolds, Sean D., Sibbald, Cathryn, Shin, Helen T., Berger, Emily, Schaffer, Julie V., Siegel, Michael, Cordoro, Kelly M.
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-03
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33742457
- Title:
- A Timely Call to Arms: COVID-19, the Circadian Clock, and Critical Care
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Haspel J, Kim M, Zee P, Schwarzmeier T, Montagnese S, Panda S, Albani A, Merrow M. A Timely Call to Arms: COVID-19, the Circadian Clock, and Critical Care. Journal of Biological Rhythms. 2021;36(1):55-70.
- Abstract:
- We currently find ourselves in the midst of a global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the highly infectious novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we discuss aspects of SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathology and how these might interact with the circadian clock of the host. We further focus on the severe manifestation of the illness, leading to hospitalization in an intensive care unit. The most common severe complications of COVID-19 relate to clock-regulated human physiology. We speculate on how the pandemic might be used to gain insights on the circadian clock but, more importantly, on how knowledge of the circadian clock might be used to mitigate the disease expression and the clinical course of COVID-19.
- Keyword:
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, circadian clock, critical care, nutrition, zeitgeber, rhythm
- Subject: MESH:
- SARS-CoV-2, Circadian Clocks, Circadian Rhythm, COVID-19
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Circadian rhythms
- Creator:
- Haspel, Jeffrey, Kim, Minjee, Zee, Phyllis C, Schwarzmeier, Tanja, Montagnese, Sara, Panda, Satchidananda, Albani, Adriana, Merrow, Martha
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-02
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33573430
- Title:
- A Perspective on Emerging Therapeutic Interventions for COVID-19
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Torequl Islam M, Nasiruddin M, Khan IN, Mishra SK, Kudrat-E-Zahan M, Alam Riaz T, Ali ES, Rahman MS, Mubarak MS, Martorell M, Cho WC, Calina D, Docea AO and Sharifi-Rad J (2020) A Perspective on Emerging Therapeutic Interventions for COVID-19. Front. Public Health 8:281. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00281
- Abstract:
- Coronaviruses are enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses with an unusual large RNA genome and a unique replication mechanism, which are characterized by club-like spikes that protrude from their surface. An outbreak of a novel coronavirus 2019 infection has posed significant threat to the health and economies in the whole world. This article reviewed the viral replication, pathogenicity, prevention and treatment strategies. With a lack of approved treatment options for this virus, alternative approaches to control the spread of disease is in urgent need. This article also covers some management strategies which may be applied to this virus outbreak. Ongoing clinical studies related to possible treatments for COVID-19, potential vaccines, and alternative medication such as natural compounds are also discussed.
- Keyword:
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, public health, control, therapeutics
- Subject: MESH:
- SARS-CoV-2, Therapeutics, COVID-19, Public Health
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Therapeutics
- Creator:
- Torequl Islam, Muhammad, Nasiruddin, Md., Khan, Ishaq N., Mishra, Siddhartha Kumar, Kudrat-E-Zahan, Md., Alam Riaz, Thoufiqul, Ali, Eunus S., Rahman, M. Safiur, Mubarak, Mohammad S., Martorell, Miquel, Cho, William C., Calina, Daniela, Docea, Anca Oana, Sharifi-Rad, Javad
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-07-03
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Review
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32733837
- Title:
- A method for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in healthy human stool: a validation study
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Coryell MP, Iakiviak M, Pereira N, Murugkar PP, Rippe J, Williams DB, Heald-Sargent T, Sanchez-Pinto LN, Chavez J, Hastie JL, Sava RL, Lien CZ, Wang TT, Muller WJ, Fischbach MA, Carlson PE. A method for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in healthy human stool: a validation study. Lancet Microbe. 2021;2(6):E259-E266.
- Abstract:
- Background Faecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns about transmission through faecal microbiota transplantation procedures. Validation parameters of authorised tests for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in respiratory samples are described in product labelling, whereas the published methods for SARS-CoV-2 detection from faecal samples have not permitted a robust description of the assay parameters. We aimed to develop and validate a test specifically for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human stool. Methods In this validation study, we evaluated performance characteristics of a reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (RT-rtPCR) test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human stool specimens by spiking stool with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 material. A modified version of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention RT-rtPCR SARS-CoV-2 test was used for detection of viral RNA. Analytical sensitivity was evaluated in freshly spiked stool by testing two-fold dilutions in replicates of 20. Masked samples were tested by a second laboratory to evaluate interlaboratory reproducibility. Short-term (7-day) stability of viral RNA in stool samples was assessed with four different stool storage buffers (phosphate-buffered saline, Cary-Blair medium, Stool Transport and Recovery [STAR] buffer, and DNA/RNA Shield) kept at -80 degrees C, 4 degrees C, and ambient temperature (approximately 21 degrees C). We also tested clinical stool and anal swab specimens from patients who were SARS-CoV-2 positive by nasopharyngeal testing. Findings The lower limit of detection of the assay was found to be 3000 viral RNA copies per g of original stool sample, with 100% detection across 20 replicates assessed at this concentration. Analytical sensitivity was diminished by approximately two times after a single freeze-thaw cycle at -80 degrees C. At 100 times the limit of detection, spiked samples were generally stable in all four stool storage buffers tested for up to 7 days, with maximum changes in mean threshold cycle values observed at -80 degrees C storage in Cary-Blair medium (from 29.4 [SD 0.27] at baseline to 30.8 [0.17] at day 7; p<0.0001), at 4 degrees C storage in DNA/RNA Shield (from 28.5 [0.15] to 29.8 [0.09]; p=0.0019), and at ambient temperature in STAR buffer (from 30.4 [0.24] to 32.4 [0.62]; p=0.0083). 30 contrived SARS-CoV-2 samples were tested by a second laboratory and were correctly identified as positive or negative in at least one of two rounds of testing. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected using this assay in the stool and anal swab specimens of 11 of 23 individuals known to be positive for SARS-CoV-2. Interpretation This is a sensitive and reproducible assay for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human stool, with potential uses in faecal microbiota transplantation donor screening, sewage monitoring, and further research into the effects of faecal shedding on the epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- SARS-CoV-2, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease)
- Creator:
- Coryell, Michael P., Iakiviak, Mikhail, Pereira, Nicole, Murugkar, Pallavi P., Rippe, Jason, Williams, David B., Heald-Sargent, Taylor Alis, Sanchez-Pinto, Lazaro Nelson, Chavez, Jairo, Hastie, Jessica L., Sava, Rosa L., Lien, Christopher Z., Wang, Tony T., Muller, William J, Fischbach, Michael A., Carlson, Paul E., Jr.
- Publisher:
- ELSEVIER
- Page Number:
- 8
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-06
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33821247
- Title:
- A Framework for Maintaining a Fully Operational Autopsy Service at a Large Academic Teaching Institution During a Global Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Fu L, Zak T, Shanes E. A Framework for Maintaining a Fully Operational Autopsy Service at a Large Academic Teaching Institution During a Global Pandemic. Academic Pathology. 2021;8:8.
- Abstract:
- The COVID-19 pandemic created new challenges in health care, and pathology departments have led with innovations in testing and education. While the medical community and public showed great interest in gross and histologic findings in COVID-affected patients, paradoxically many autopsy services nationwide closed due to uncertainties surrounding the proximity to infected patient tissue, shortages in personal protective equipment, and pressures to discontinue perceived nonessential hospital operations. These disruptions furthermore negatively impacted pathology trainee education. The autopsy division at Northwestern Memorial Hospital, with the belief that a fully functioning autopsy service is especially crucial at this time, adopted a framework for continuing at full capacity for both clinical care and education. New operations were modeled on national protocols by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the College of American Pathologists, and the service continually adjusted policies to reflect rapidly changing guidelines and feedback from trainees and staff. Between January and December 2020, we performed 182 adult autopsies including 45 COVID-19 autopsies. Twelve residents, 4 staff, and 5 attendings rotated through the service. In exit interviews, participants expressed: (1) improved comfort managing both COVID-related and general autopsies; (2) sense of personal safety on service (despite the increased risk of exposure); (3) belief that both COVID-related and general autopsies contributed to their personal education and to the medical community. There have been zero known autopsy-related COVID-19 infections to date. We hope that our innovative autopsy service restructuring can serve as a framework for other academic programs during the current and in future pandemics.
- Keyword:
- autopsy, COVID-19, academic, resident, pandemic, education
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Autopsy, Pathology
- Subject: Name:
- Northwestern Memorial Hospital
- Creator:
- Fu, Lucy, Shanes, Elisheva Douglas, Zak, Taylor J
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Location:
- Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-04-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Anecdotes
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33884293
- Title:
- Attributes of Persona Profiles for the Network of the National Library of Medicine
- Description:
- This interactive poster created for the Medical Library Association annual meeting, 2022 shows two examples persona profiles of users of the services of the Network of the National Library of Medicine. Through this poster the authors will collect feedback on the attributes (highlighted) outlining the characteristics of the user personas, to see if these attributes are relevant or whether they should be updated.
- Keyword:
- Personas, Network of the National Library of Medicine
- Subject: MESH:
- User-Centered Design
- Creator:
- Gonzales, Sara, Asikin-Garmager, Asih, Bramble, John, Dietz-Castel, Miles, Holmes, Kristi, Kilham, Jessica, Knapp, Molly, Newman, Bobbi, Nguyen, Tony, Ossom-Williamson, Peace, Pierce-Farrier, Katie, Shin, Nancy, Van Der Volgen, Jessi
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Poster
- Title:
- Dynamic Panel Data Modeling and Surveillance of COVID-19 in Metropolitan Areas in the United States: Longitudinal Trend Analysis
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Oehmke TB, Post LA, Moss CB, Issa TZ, Boctor MJ, Welch SB, Oehmke JF. Dynamic Panel Data Modeling and Surveillance of COVID-19 in Metropolitan Areas in the United States: Longitudinal Trend Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2021;23(2):12.
- Abstract:
- Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound and differential impacts on metropolitan areas across the United States and around the world. Within the United States, metropolitan areas that were hit earliest with the pandemic and reacted with scientifically based health policy were able to contain the virus by late spring. For other areas that kept businesses open, the first wave in the United States hit in mid-summer. As the weather turns colder, universities resume classes, and people tire of lockdowns, a second wave is ascending in both metropolitan and rural areas. It becomes more obvious that additional SARS-CoV-2 surveillance is needed at the local level to track recent shifts in the pandemic, rates of increase, and persistence. Objective: The goal of this study is to provide advanced surveillance metrics for COVID-19 transmission that account for speed, acceleration, jerk and persistence, and weekly shifts, to better understand and manage risk in metropolitan areas. Existing surveillance measures coupled with our dynamic metrics of transmission will inform health policy to control the COVID-19 pandemic until, and after, an effective vaccine is developed. Here, we provide values for novel indicators to measure COVID-19 transmission at the metropolitan area level. Methods: Using a longitudinal trend analysis study design, we extracted 260 days of COVID-19 data from public health registries. We used an empirical difference equation to measure the daily number of cases in the 25 largest US metropolitan areas as a function of the prior number of cases and weekly shift variables based on a dynamic panel data model that was estimated using the generalized method of moments approach by implementing the Arellano-Bond estimator in R. Results: Minneapolis and Chicago have the greatest average number of daily new positive results per standardized 100,000 population (which we refer to as speed). Extreme behavior in Minneapolis showed an increase in speed from 17 to 30 (67%) in 1 week. The jerk and acceleration calculated for these areas also showed extreme behavior. The dynamic panel data model shows that Minneapolis, Chicago, and Detroit have the largest persistence effects, meaning that new cases pertaining to a specific week are statistically attributable to new cases from the prior week. Conclusions: Three of the metropolitan areas with historically early and harsh winters have the highest persistence effects out of the top 25 most populous metropolitan areas in the United States at the beginning of their cold weather season. With these persistence effects, and with indoor activities becoming more popular as the weather gets colder, stringent COVID-19 regulations will be more important than ever to flatten the second wave of the pandemic. As colder weather grips more of the nation, southern metropolitan areas may also see large spikes in the number of cases.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 surveillance, second wave, wave two, wave 2, global COVID-19 surveillance, COVID-19 metropolitan areas, COVID-19 cities, US public health surveillance, US COVID-19, US surveillance metrics, dynamic panel data, generalized method of the moments, US econometrics, US SARS-CoV-2, US COVID-19 surveillance system, US COVID-19 transmission speed, US COVID-19 transmission acceleration, COVID-19 transmission deceleration, COVID-19 transmission jerk, COVID-19 7-day lag, Arellano-Bond estimator, generalized method of moments, GMM, New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Washington DC, Miami, Philadelphia, Atlanta, Phoenix, Boston, San Francisco, Riverside, Detroit, Seattle, Minneapolis, San Diego, Tampa, Denver, St Louis, Baltimore, Charlotte, Orlando, San Antonio, Portland
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Public Health Surveillance, Models, Econometric, Disease Transmission, Infectious
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- United States
- Creator:
- Oehmke, Theresa B., Post, Lori Ann, Moss, Charles B., Issa, Tariq Ziad, Boctor, Michael Jacob, Welch, Sarah B., Oehmke, James Francis
- Publisher:
- JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-02-09
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33481757
- Title:
- Calantone et al 2022 Fig 1a - Blot Quantification Data
- Keyword:
- immunology, mTOR
- Creator:
- Calantone, Nina Alexandra
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Rights:
- All rights reserved
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Title:
- Calantone et al 2022 Fig 1e - Boolean gating data
- Keyword:
- immunology
- Creator:
- Calantone, Nina Alexandra
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Rights:
- All rights reserved
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Title:
- Calantone et al 2022 Fig 1d - Flow Data
- Keyword:
- immunology
- Creator:
- Calantone, Nina Alexandra
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Rights:
- All rights reserved
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Title:
- Data Projects: Setup and Key Tips for Excel
- Description:
- PowerPoint slides to accompany the Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center class "Data Projects: Setup and Key Tips for Excel." The class provides basic advice and tips for effectively setting up and starting Excel-based data projects.
- Keyword:
- Data management, Data cleaning
- Subject: MESH:
- Data Management, Data Curation
- Subject: LCSH:
- Data curation
- Subject: Name:
- Microsoft Excel (Computer file)
- Creator:
- Gonzales, Sara
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-02-22
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Presentation
269. Impact of easily accessible health information on decision-making as it regards COVID-19 vaccination
- Title:
- Impact of easily accessible health information on decision-making as it regards COVID-19 vaccination
- Keyword:
- pandemic, COVID-19, vaccination, patient education material
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19 Vaccines, Patient Education as Topic, Pandemics, Health Literacy
- Creator:
- Ukeje, Chideraa
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-05-12
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Calantone et al 2022 Commun Biol Source Data
- Description:
- Source data uploaded for the work in press at time of upload: "mTOR regulation of metabolism limits LPS-induced monocyte inflammatory and procoagulant responses."
- Abstract:
- Translocated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates monocytes via TLR4 and is hypothesized to increase cardiovascular disease risk in persons living with HIV. We tested whether mTOR activity supports LPS-stimulated monocyte production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tissue factor (TF), as it propels the inflammatory response in several immune cell types besides monocytes. However, multi-omics analyses here demonstrate that mTOR activates a metabolic pathway that limits abundance of these gene products in monocytes. Treatment of primary human monocytes with catalytic mTOR inhibitors (mTORi) increased LPS-induced polyfunctional responses, including production of IL-1, IL-6 and the pro-coagulant, TF. NF-B-driven transcriptional activity is enhanced with LPS stimulation after mTORi treatment to increase expression of F3 (TF). Moreover, intracellular NAD+ availability is restricted due to decreased salvage pathway synthesis. These results document mTOR-mediated restraint of the LPS-induced transcriptional response in monocytes and a metabolic mechanism informing strategies to reverse enhanced risk of coagulopathy in pro-inflammatory states.
- Keyword:
- metabolism, monocytes, immunology
- Subject: MESH:
- Metabolism, Monocytes, Allergy and Immunology, MTOR Inhibitors
- Contributor:
- D'Aquila, Richard Thomas, Calantone, Nina Alexandra
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- All rights reserved
- Title:
- Diaphragm dysfunction in severe COVID-19 as determined by neuromuscular ultrasound
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Farr E, Wolfe AR, Deshmukh S, Rydberg L, Soriano R, Walter JM, Boon AJ, Wolfe LF, Franz CK. Diaphragm dysfunction in severe COVID-19 as determined by neuromuscular ultrasound. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. 2021;8(8):1745-1749.
- Abstract:
- Many survivors from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) suffer from persistent dyspnea and fatigue long after resolution of the active infection. In a cohort of 21 consecutive severe post-COVID-19 survivors admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation hospital, 16 (76%) of them had at least one sonographic abnormality of diaphragm muscle structure or function. This corresponded to a significant reduction in diaphragm muscle contractility as represented by thickening ratio (muscle thickness at maximal inspiration/end-expiration) for the post-COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 cohorts. These findings may shed new light on neuromuscular respiratory dysfunction as a contributor to prolonged functional impairments after hospitalization for post-COVID-19.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19--complications, Diaphragm--physiopathology, Diaphragm--diagnostic imaging
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease)--Complications, Diaphragm
- Creator:
- Farr, Ellen Marie, Wolfe, Alexis R., Deshmukh, Swati, Rydberg, Leslie Katherine, Soriano, Rachna, Walter, James McCauley, Boon, Andrea J., Wolfe, Lisa F, Franz, Colin K
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-08
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34247452
272. Frequent neurologic manifestations and encephalopathy-associated morbidity in Covid-19 patients
- Title:
- Frequent neurologic manifestations and encephalopathy-associated morbidity in Covid-19 patients
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Liotta EM, Batra A, Clark JR, Shlobin NA, Hoffman SC, Orban ZS, Koralnik IJ. Frequent neurologic manifestations and encephalopathy-associated morbidity in Covid-19 patients. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. 2020;7(11):2221-2230.
- Abstract:
- Objective: Covid-19 can involve multiple organs including the nervous system. We sought to characterize the neurologic manifestations, their risk factors, and associated outcomes in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. Methods: We examined neurologic manifestations in 509 consecutive patients admitted with confirmed Covid-19 within a hospital network in Chicago, Illinois. We compared the severity of Covid-19 and outcomes in patients with and without neurologic manifestations. We also identified independent predictors of any neurologic manifestations, encephalopathy, and functional outcome using binary logistic regression. Results: Neurologic manifestations were present at Covid-19 onset in 215 (42.2%), at hospitalization in 319 (62.7%), and at any time during the disease course in 419 patients (82.3%). The most frequent neurologic manifestations were myalgias (44.8%), headaches (37.7%), encephalopathy (31.8%), dizziness (29.7%), dysgeusia (15.9%), and anosmia (11.4%). Strokes, movement disorders, motor and sensory deficits, ataxia, and seizures were uncommon (0.2 to 1.4% of patients each). Severe respiratory disease requiring mechanical ventilation occurred in 134 patients (26.3%). Independent risk factors for developing any neurologic manifestation were severe Covid-19 (OR 4.02; 95% CI 2.04-8.89; P < 0.001) and younger age (OR 0.982; 95% CI 0.968-0.996; P = 0.014). Of all patients, 362 (71.1%) had a favorable functional outcome at discharge (modified Rankin Scale 0-2). However, encephalopathy was independently associated with worse functional outcome (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.11-0.42; P < 0.001) and higher mortality within 30 days of hospitalization (35 [21.7%] vs. 11 [3.2%] patients; P < 0.001). Interpretation; Neurologic manifestations occur in most hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Encephalopathy was associated with increased morbidity and mortality, independent of respiratory disease severity.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19--complications, Neurologic Manifestations
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Cognition disorders
- Creator:
- Liotta, Eric M., Batra, Ayush, Clark, Jeffrey R., Shlobin, Nathan A., Hoffman, Steven C., Orban, Zachary S., Koralnik, Igor J.
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-11
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33016619
- Title:
- SARS-CoV-2 identified by universal preoperative COVID-19 testing prior to emergency surgery: Case of an asymptomatic pediatric patient requiring emergency surgery
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Racette SD, Lavin JM, Kociolek LK, Zheng XTT, Haverkamp KS, Rosenthal LHS. SARS-CoV-2 identified by universal preoperative COVID-19 testing prior to emergency surgery: Case of an asymptomatic pediatric patient requiring emergency surgery. Clinical Case Reports. 2021;9(6):3.
- Abstract:
- This case highlights the importance of identifying SARS-CoV-2 preoperatively, irrespective of symptoms, as symptoms may be mild, especially in children compared to adults, and asymptomatic carriers can have high viral loads and be infectious.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, emergency, pediatric, SARS-CoV-2, surgery
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19 Testing, Infant
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease)--Testing
- Creator:
- Racette, Samuel D., Lavin, Jennifer M., Kociolek, Larry K., Zheng, Xiotian T., Haverkamp, Karen Susan, Swibel Rosenthal, Laura H.
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-06
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Case Reports, Journal Article
- Title:
- Risk stratification of hospitalized COVID-19 patients through comparative studies of laboratory results with influenza
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Mei Y, Weinberg SE, Zhao LH, Frink A, Qi C, Behdad A, Ji P. Risk stratification of hospitalized COVID-19 patients through comparative studies of laboratory results with influenza. Eclinicalmedicine. 2020;26:8.
- Abstract:
- Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019 overlaps with the flu season. Methods: We compared clinical and laboratory results from 719 influenza and 973 COVID-19 patients from January to April 2020. We compiled laboratory results from the first 14 days of the hospitalized patients using parameters that are most significantly different between COVID-19 and influenza and hierarchically clustered COVID-19 patients. Findings: Compared to influenza, patients with COVID-19 exhibited a continued increase in white blood cell count, rapid decline of hemoglobin, more rapid increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and D-dimer, and higher level of alanine transaminase, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and fibrinogen. COVID-19 patients were sub-classified into 5 clusters through a hierarchical clustering analysis. Medical records were reviewed and patients were risk stratified based on the clinical outcomes. The cluster with the highest risk showed 27 8% fatality, 94% ICU admission, 94% intubation, and 28% discharge rates compared to 0%, 38%, 22%, and 88% in the lowest risk cluster, respectively. Patients in the highest risk cluster had leukocytosis including neutrophilia and monocytosis, severe anemia, increased red blood cell distribution width, higher BUN, creatinine, D-dimer, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and troponin. Interpretation: There are significant differences in the clinical and laboratory courses between COVID-19 and influenza. Risk stratification in hospitalized COVID-19 patients using laboratory data could be useful to predict clinical outcomes and pathophysiology of these patients. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Risk Assessment, Influenza, Human
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Risk assessment, Influenza--Research
- Creator:
- Mei, Yang, Weinberg, Samuel E., Zhao, Lihui, Frink, Adam, Qi, Chao, Behdad, Amir, Ji, Peng
- Publisher:
- ELSEVIER
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-09
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33089115
275. Persistent neurologic symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in non-hospitalized Covid-19 long haulers
- Title:
- Persistent neurologic symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in non-hospitalized Covid-19 long haulers
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Graham EL, Clark JR, Orban ZS, Lim PH, Szymanski AL, Taylor C, DiBiase RM, Jia DT, Balabanov R, Ho SU, Batra A, Liotta EM, Koralnik IJ. Persistent neurologic symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in non-hospitalized Covid-19 "long haulers". Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. 2021;8(5):1073-1085.
- Abstract:
- Objective: Most SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals never require hospitalization. However, some develop prolonged symptoms. We sought to characterize the spectrum of neurologic manifestations in non-hospitalized Covid-19 long haulers. Methods: This is a prospective study of the first 100 consecutive patients (50 SARS-CoV-2 laboratory-positive (SARS-CoV-2(+)) and 50 laboratory-negative (SARS-CoV-2(-)) individuals) presenting to our Neuro-Covid-19 clinic between May and November 2020. Due to early pandemic testing limitations, patients were included if they met Infectious Diseases Society of America symptoms of Covid-19, were never hospitalized for pneumonia or hypoxemia, and had neurologic symptoms lasting over 6 weeks. We recorded the frequency of neurologic symptoms and analyzed patient-reported quality of life measures and standardized cognitive assessments. Results: Mean age was 43.2 +/- 11.3 years, 70% were female, and 48% were evaluated in televisits. The most frequent comorbidities were depression/anxiety (42%) and autoimmune disease (16%). The main neurologic manifestations were: brain fog (81%), headache (68%), numbness/tingling (60%), dysgeusia (59%), anosmia (55%), and myalgias (55%), with only anosmia being more frequent in SARS-CoV-2(+) than SARS-CoV-2(-) patients (37/50 [74%] vs. 18/50 [36%]; p < 0.001). Moreover, 85% also experienced fatigue. There was no correlation between time from disease onset and subjective impression of recovery. Both groups exhibited impaired quality of life in cognitive and fatigue domains. SARS-CoV-2(+) patients performed worse in attention and working memory cognitive tasks compared to a demographic-matched US population (T-score 41.5 [37, 48.25] and 43 [37.5, 48.75], respectively; both p < 0.01). Interpretation: Non-hospitalized Covid-19 long haulers experience prominent and persistent brain fog and fatigue that affect their cognition and quality of life.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Neurologic Manifestations, Cognitive Dysfunction
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Cognition disorders
- Creator:
- Graham, Edith L., Clark, Jeffrey R., Orban, Zachary S., Lim, Patrick H., Szymanski, April L., Taylor, Carolyn, DiBiase, Rebecca M., Jia, Dan Tong, Balabanov, Roumen Deltchev, Ho, Sam U., Batra, Ayush, Liotta, Eric Michael, Koralnik, Igor Jerome
- Publisher:
- WILEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-05
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33755344
276. Analysis of National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) Chicago HelpLine Referral Data (2019-2020)
- Title:
- Analysis of National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) Chicago HelpLine Referral Data (2019-2020)
- Abstract:
- Purpose: NAMI Chicago has a HelpLine for those who wish to contact them with mental health & wellness needs.1 There is a lot of data that is logged regarding these calls, and a lot of it is being analyzed already; however, there is an area in which analysis is definitely still needed, specifically with respect to resource connections, i.e., referrals. In other words, data pertains to what happens after a caller interfaces with the NAMI Chicago HelpLine & is directed toward a resource. In some cases, there are specific follow-ups by NAMI Chicago that happen. The objective is to provide quality assurance program evaluation and feedback to NAMI Chicago about using de-identified call data to analyze their processes: potential areas at the outset included barriers to referrals, facilitators, areas for improvement, etc. Procedures: The purpose of this research is quality assurance around barriers to follow-up identified by NAMI Chicago call center responders and to assess the frequency of the most typical barriers. NAMI Chicago provides telephone referrals to callers seeking mental health services throughout the Chicago area. It was estimated that 13,000 calls were fielded by NAMI in 2020 and an analysis of the barriers experienced by callers seeking referrals to mental health services will help NAMI improve services to people in the community. This analysis has ended up examining calls placed across all of 2019, as well as all of 2020.
- Keyword:
- mental health, health call center, Chicago, mental health services, telehealth
- Subject: MESH:
- Mental Health Services, Call Centers, Telemedicine
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Illinois--Chicago
- Creator:
- Rapoport, Andy
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-06-02
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- An Assessment of Multisectoral Factors Influencing Global Trends in Neonatal Mortality Rates
- Abstract:
- Objective: Neonatal mortality continues to be a global burden on healthcare. Multisectoral factors have been identified that are associated with neonatal mortality rate. The primary objective of this study was to determine the extent of the association between these variables and neonatal mortality rate, and which variables are key in targeting for future public health policy to reduce neonatal death. Methods: Preliminary data analysis revealed variables believed to be associated with neonatal mortality rate. The twenty countries that account for 75% of total global neonatal death were identified. STATA statistical analysis software was used to conduct data analysis from 2000 to 2019, in 5-year intervals, for all countries. Regression analyses and correlation matrices were run for neonatal mortality and variables such as median income, stillbirth rates, healthcare spending, low birth weight, relative number of physicians, relative number of nurses, literacy level, and maternal mortality ratio. The variables were entered into a series of models that accounted for different combinations. Model A included neonatal mortality rate, maternal mortality ratio change, and median income change. Model B included low birth weight instead of maternal mortality ratio. Model C included neonatal mortality rate, low birth weight rate, and healthcare spending. Model D included neonatal mortality rate, median income, and literacy level. Results: The mean change in nation-level median income over the last 20 years was found to be 1.63 times the median income in 2000-2004. The regression analysis revealed that an increase in median income was associated with a decrease in neonatal mortality rate. There was a 2.7-unit change in neonatal mortality rate seen for every 1-unit change in low-birth-weight rate, a 0.24 unit decrease for every 1-unit change in literacy level, a 1.47-point decrease for every 1-unit change of healthcare spending, and a 0.02-unit change for every 1-unit change in maternal mortality ratio from 2000-2004 through 2015-2019. Model A demonstrated that there was a 0.02 change in neonatal mortality rate for every 1-unit change in maternal mortality ratio, and a -1.58-unit change for every 1 unit of median income. Model B demonstrated that there was a 2.39-unit change in neonatal mortality rate for every 1-unit change in low-birth-weight rate, and a -1.46-unit change for every 1 unit of median income. Model C demonstrated that there was a 2.56-unit change in neonatal mortality rate for every 1-unit change in low-birth-weight rate, and a -1.32-unit change for every 1 unit of healthcare spending. Model D demonstrated that there was a -0.23-unit change in neonatal mortality rate for every 1 unit increase in literacy level, and a -1.45-unit change for every 1 unit increase in median income. Discussion: The results of this analysis suggest the highest degree of correlation between neonatal mortality rate, maternal mortality ratio, and median income. There results offer foundational starting points for research in neonatal mortality and associated multisectoral factors. Further research is necessary to determine how these results can be used to target mortality reduction in the twenty countries determined to have the highest neonatal total deaths. Focusing on median income as a strongly correlated factor of neonatal mortality rate may allow for the future creation of targeted public health policies. Creating models that account for a higher percentage of the variance would be useful as well. Future analysis should focus on deriving deeper associations between the variables through further literature review or data collection. In addition, future research should focus on determining why the association between maternal mortality ratio and neonatal mortality rate wasnt as high as anticipated. Eventually, these findings could be used to influence public health programs, policy, or planning by aiding in the creation of a dissemination plan for a best practice training program aimed at reducing neonatal mortality rated globally.
- Keyword:
- neonatal mortality, income, health risks, public health
- Subject: MESH:
- Infant Mortality, Income, Risk Factors, Public Health
- Creator:
- Karmazin, Michelle
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-05-25
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Understand success and challenges in adaptation and implementation of Quality Improvement Collaboratives to help End the HIV Epidemic in Namibia and Zimbabwe
- Abstract:
- Background: Improving HIV health care quality remains an unfulfilled goal necessary to both reduce mortality for people living with HIV and reach epidemic control. Although a common strategy, improvement collaboratives (ICs) are variably effective in improving quality and better understanding of their implementation and adaptation to local contexts is needed. We applied implementation science methods to study how Ministry of health-led ICs supported by UCSF-HEALTHQUAL were implemented in Namibia and Zimbabwe to support and accelerate improvement in the HIV care cascade including rapid uptake of ART and viral load suppression. Methods: We applied two implementation research frameworks, EPIS [Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment] and CFIR [Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research] to guide data collection and analysis for a retrospective mixed methods case study of the ICs. We conducted nine key informant interviews, field observations, and document review to identified implementation strategies contextual factors and implementation outcomes. Results were synthesized using content analysis and organized by EPIS stage. Results: Many implementation strategies for both countries were similar across the exploration, preparation and implementation stages, including alignment with national priorities and guidelines, leveraging existing relationships with stakeholders, QI capacity-building, and adaptations of IC components and data collection tools. Important contextual factors of both ICs were: national leadership, donor funding and country resources, baseline national and local QI knowledge, capacity and culture, existing implementation partnerships, data system integrity, and geography. All sites in both countries completed QI projects. Active peer-to-peer learning occurred; and improvement was demonstrated in many of the targeted measures. Implementation challenges encountered included data validity and quality, finite resources and staff turnover. Limited information was available for sustainment improvement, but both countries have scaled ICs, indicating longer term capacity in QI. Conclusions: Successful implementation of ICs involved adaptation to local context and other strategies which leveraged facilitating factors and addressed barriers with strong adoption and fidelity. Other key lessons included early stakeholder engagement, national leadership engagement, alignment with national priorities, and attention to developing QI capacity. These results can inform future efforts to accelerate improvement of HIV care and treatment through ICs in the region and improving quality more broadly.
- Keyword:
- HIV, health care quality, improvement collaboratives, Namibia, Zimbabwe, epidemic
- Subject: MESH:
- HIV, Quality of Health Care, Intersectoral Collaboration, Epidemics
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Namibia, Zimbabwe
- Creator:
- Jok, Christie, Hirschhorn, Lisa Ruth, Persaud, Udita, Agins, Bruce, Murungu, Joseph, Basenero, Apollo, Neidel, Julie, Khabo, Bobbie, Mabuko, Japhet, Ikeda, Dan, Schaefer, Willemijn
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-05-24
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Using Natural Language Processing to Identify and Classify Incidental Findings
- Abstract:
- Over the last few years there has been an explosion of deep learning research leading to quick development of very powerful algorithms that have found their way into every industry. There are a few major reasons why deep learning is particularly attractive for algorithm development. The algorithms can complete complex tasks with surprisingly high accuracy. Deep learning models, unlike machine learning models, automatically extract features that are important for the algorithms task. The deep learning community has established and open-sourced high quality feature extractors and classifier architectures with weights included for most data domains. Lung cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the US and globally. Lung cancers are conditions that include a silent phase during which intervention is highly effective, but patients are asymptomatic so there is no indication for an exam. It is common that patients with symptoms unrelated to a forming cancer get imaging to work-up their current illness. During these times an incidental nodule in the lungs may be captured and a radiologist may recommend a follow-up, but there are few mechanisms in place to ensure that these patients have their follow-up completed. As a point of quality control, NM would like to maximize the likelihood that a patient with an incidentally noted lung nodule with follow-up recommendations will receive appropriate follow-up. In order to meet this goal, we have developed an EHR ready artificial intelligence pipeline that identifies reports containing text suggesting a lung nodule requiring follow-up. We find that upon retrospective review, we are able to use machine learning to capture reports containing lung nodules requiring follow-up with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 87%.
- Keyword:
- deep learning, algorithms, lung cancer, lung nodule
- Subject: MESH:
- Deep Learning, Algorithms, Lung Neoplasms
- Creator:
- Galal, Galal
- Contributor:
- Huang, Jonathan, Mukhin, Vladislav, Soni, Priyanka, Byrd, Thomas, Etemadi, Mozziyar
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-04-16
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Identifying mobile health technology experiences and preferences of low-income pregnant women with diabetes
- Abstract:
- BACKGROUND: Rapid expansion of mobile technology has resulted in the development of many mobile health ("mHealth") platforms for health monitoring and support. However, applicability, desirability, and tailoring of these platforms for pregnant women, particularly in populations who experience the greatest health inequitiessuch as women with diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or those with greater socioeconomic barriersremains unknown. The objective is to understand low-income pregnant women's experiences and preferences for mHealth tools to support pregnancy and improve DM self-management. METHODS: Low-income pregnant and postpartum women were included in individual interviews or focus groups; women with and without type 2 or gestational DM were included. Analysis was performed with the constant comparison method. RESULTS: In this population of 45 (N=37 with DM) low-income, largely minority, pregnant and postpartum women, 100% reported access to smartphones and prior experience with apps. Interest in mHealth to support health and engagement during pregnancy was high. Preferences for general mHealth features included education that reduces uncertainty, support communities, visualizing progress, convenient access to information, and support for better management of pregnancy-related tasks. Preferred design elements included personalization, interactive features, and integrated graphics. Women with DM expressed multiple additional DM-specific needs, including support tools for DM self-management and self-regulation tasks.
- Keyword:
- behavioral intervention, diabetes, mobile health, pregnancy, smartphone
- Subject: MESH:
- Diabetes Mellitus, Psychosocial Intervention, Pregnancy, Smartphone, Telemedicine
- Creator:
- Birch, Eleanor, Leziak, Karolina, Jackson, Jenise, Strohbach, Angelina, Niznik, Charlotte, Yee, Lynn M
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-04-12
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Title:
- Medical Archives and History: Local Informal Network Support and Shared Expertise of CAMA
- Description:
- Poster presented at the Health Science Librarians of Illinois (HSLI) annual conference in Champaign, IL on September 12-13, 2019.
- Abstract:
- Institutional records, photographs, archives, and artifacts, especially at smaller health institutions, do not always receive formal or sustained attention and staffing. Yet the demand for expertise and services in this area often arises. An informal network of colleagues can provide support for both novice and experienced information professionals, who are charged with organizing their institutions archives or answering internal and external medical history questions, often in addition to other duties. One Illinois group that has been trying to serve in this capacity since 2002 has been the Chicago Area Medical Archivists. As an informal, open membership group of archivists, librarians, healthcare professionals, and others interested in Chicago area medical history, CAMA complements HSLI and other organizations. Members work at various professional and clinical specialty associations, academic medical centers, universities, hospitals, and are local historians as well as independent researchers. The group serves as a network to share information, expertise, and resources- through meetings and a mailing list that includes questions, responses, as well as announcements. In recognition of October being American Archives Month, CAMA sponsors an (almost) annual free Fall medical history symposium. At symposia, CAMA members and researchers share findings and interesting facts about individuals, as well as moments in Chicago area medical history, discovered in Chicago area archives and libraries. Symposium host institutions often hold open houses of their archives and special collections.The aims of this poster were to spotlight CAMA as a resource and support network in Illinois, and to share highlights of its activities: shared best practices and information, as well as sample local medical history symposia topics. Summary results of an informal survey of current CAMA list subscribers highlighted responses regarding: priorities in preserving medical institutional memory, misconceptions about medical archives, and issues worthy of attention in evolving Chicago area medical institutions.
- Keyword:
- CAMA, Chicago Area Medical Archivists, Researchers, Networking
- Subject: MESH:
- History of Medicine
- Subject: LCSH:
- Archivists, Librarians, Archives
- Creator:
- Kubilius, Ramune K.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2019-09
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Poster
- Title:
- Quality Improvement for the Global Health Trainee
- Keyword:
- quality improvement , global health education
- Subject: MESH:
- Global Health, Quality of Health Care
- Creator:
- Visek, Caitlin Anne
- Contributor:
- Doobay-Persaud, Ashti
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Other
- Title:
- Global Health Quality Improvement Educational Resources
- Keyword:
- quality improvement , global health education
- Subject: MESH:
- Global Health, Quality of Health Care, Education, Distance
- Creator:
- Visek, Caitlin Anne
- Contributor:
- Doobay-Persaud, Ashti
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Other
- Title:
- Maturity Model Overview for AMIA Summit 2022
- Keyword:
- Maturity, Maturity models
- Subject: MESH:
- Strategic Planning
- Creator:
- Starren, Justin B
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2022-05-23
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Presentation
- Title:
- Expanding Access to COVID-19 Tests through US Postal Service Facilities
- Abstract:
- Widespread, convenient access to COVID-19 testing has been challenging in the United States. We make a case for provisioning COVID-19 tests through the United States Postal Service (USPS) facilities and demonstrate a simple method for selecting locations to improve access. We provide quantitative evidence that even a subset of USPS facilities could provide broad access, particularly in remote and at-risk communities with limited access to health care. Based on daily travel surveys, census data, locations of USPS facilities, and an established care-seeking model, we estimate that more than 94% of the US population would be willing to travel to an existing USPS facility if warranted. For half of the US population, this would require traveling less than 2.5 miles from home; for 90%, the distance would be less than 7 miles. In Georgia, Illinois, and Minnesota, we estimate that testing at USPS facilities would provide access to an additional 4.1, 3.1, and 1.3 million people and reduce the median travel distance by 3.0, 0.8, and 1.2 miles, respectively, compared with existing testing sites per 28 July 2020. We also discuss the option of distributing test-at-home kits via USPS instead of private carriers. Finally, our proposal provides USPS an opportunity to increase revenues and expand its mission, thus improving its future prospects and relevance., Singh B, Risanger S, Morton D, Pignone M, Meyers LA. Expanding Access to COVID-19 Tests through US Postal Service Facilities. Medical Decision Making. 2021;41(1):3-8.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, optimization , testing, underserved populations , USPS
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19 Testing, Medically Underserved Area, Postal Service
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- United States
- Creator:
- Singh, Bismark, Risanger, Simon, Morton, David, Pignone, Michael, Meyers, Lauren Ancel
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-01
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33124494
- Title:
- Perceived Adequacy of Tangible Support during Stay-at-Home Orders in Chicago and New York
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- O'Conor R, Opsasnick L, Pack A, Benavente JY, Curtis LM, Lovett RM, Luu H, Wismer G, Kwasny MJ, Federman AD, Bailey SC, Wolf MS. Perceived Adequacy of Tangible Support during Stay-at-Home Orders in Chicago and New York. Journal of Primary Care and Community Health. 2021;12:7.
- Abstract:
- Objectives: Physical distancing precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic may challenge the provision of tangible support many middle age and older adults receive in managing their health. We examined the association between unmet tangible support needs and self-management behaviors and mental health status during the stay-at-home orders in Chicago and New York. Methods: We used data from the COVID-19 & Chronic Conditions study collected between May 1st and May 22nd, 2020. A total of 801 middle age and older adults with >= 1 chronic condition in Chicago and New York City completed the telephone interview. Adequacy of tangible social support was measured using a brief, validated scale that determined whether an individual needed assistance managing his or her health, and if yes, whether this need was met. Participants reported their level of difficulty engaging in self-management behaviors using 2 discrete items; they also self-reported medication adherence using the ASK-I2 medication adherence scale. Mental health status was measured using the depression and anxiety PROMIS short-form instruments. Results: Participants' mean age was 63 years; 30% identified as Black, 26% identified as Latino, and 12% identified unmet support needs. Inadequacy of tangible support was associated with greater difficulty managing one's health and accessing medications due to COVID-19, as well as poorer medication adherence, increased anxiety and depressive symptoms, and poorer overall well-being (P's <.05). Conclusions: Perceived unmet support needs during stay-at-home orders were associated with greater difficulty engaging in self-management behaviors and poorer overall well-being. Two brief items quickly identified individuals with unmet support needs.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, social support, tangible assistance
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Social Support
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Illinois--Chicago, New York (State)--New York
- Creator:
- O'Conor, Rachel, Opsasnick, Lauren, Pack, Allison Prickett, Curtis, Laura Marie, Lovett, Rebecca Mullen, Luu, Han Quoc, Wismer, Guisselle Andrea, Kwasny, Mary Jeanne, Federman, Alex D., Bailey, Stacy Cooper, Wolf, Michael, Yoshino Benavente, Julia Noelani
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-06
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34109874
- Title:
- Multidisciplinary Tracheostomy Quality Improvement in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Building a Global Learning Community
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Swords C, Bergman L, Wilson-Jeffers R, Randall D, Morris LL, Brenner MJ, Arora A. Multidisciplinary Tracheostomy Quality Improvement in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Building a Global Learning Community. Annals of Otology Rhinology and Laryngology. 2021;130(3):262-272.
- Abstract:
- Objectives: To report experience with a global multidisciplinary tracheostomy e-learning initiative Methods: An international multidisciplinary panel of experts convened to build a virtual learning community for tracheostomy care, comprising a web-based platform, five distance learning (interactive webinar) sessions, and professional discourse over 12 months. Structured pre- and post-webinar surveys were disseminated to global participants including otolaryngologists, intensivists, nurses, allied health professionals, and patients/caregivers. Data were collected on audio-visual fidelity, demographics, and pre- and post-tutorial assessments regarding experience and skill acquisition. Participants reported confidence levels for NICU, pediatric, adult, and family care, as well as technical skills, communication, learning, assessment, and subdomains. Results: Participants from 197 institutions in 22 countries engaged in the virtual education platform, including otolaryngologists, speech pathologists, respiratory therapists, specialist nurses, patients, and caregivers. Significant improvements were reported in communication (P < .0001), clinical assessments (P < .0001), and clinical governance (P < .0001), with positive impact on pediatric decannulation (P = .0008), adult decannulation (P = .04), and quality improvement (P < .0001). Respondents reported enhanced readiness to integrate knowledge into practice. Barriers included time zones, internet bandwidth, and perceived difficulty of direct clinical translation of highly technical skills. Participants rated the implementation highly in terms of length, ability for discussion, satisfaction, applicability to professional practice, and expertise of discussants (median scores: 4, 4, 4, 4 and 5 out of 5). Conclusions: Virtual learning has dominated the education landscape during COVID-19 pandemic, but few data are available on its effectiveness. This study demonstrated feasibility of virtual learning for disseminating best practices in tracheostomy, engaging a diverse, multidisciplinary audience. Learning of complex technical skills proved a hurdle, however, suggesting need for hands-on experience for technical mastery. While interactive videoconferencing via webinar affords an engaging and scalable strategy for sharing knowledge, further investigation is needed on clinical outcomes to define effective strategies for experiential online learning and virtual in-service simulations.
- Keyword:
- e-Learning, medical education, tracheostomy, patient safety, quality improvement, distance learning, webinar
- Subject: MESH:
- Education, Medical, Tracheostomy, Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Education, Distance
- Creator:
- Swords, Chloe, Bergman, Lina, Wilson-Jeffers, Rachel, Randall, Diane, Morris, Linda L, Brenner, Michael J., Arora, Asit
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-03
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32680435
- Title:
- Comparison of IgG and neutralizing antibody responses after one or two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in previously infected and uninfected individuals.
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Demonbreun AR, Sancilio A, Velez MP, Ryan DT, Saber R, Vaught LA, Reiser NL, Hsieh RR, D'Aquila RT, Mustanski B, McNally EM, McDade TW. Comparison of IgG and neutralizing antibody responses after one or two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in previously infected and uninfected individuals. Eclinicalmedicine. 2021;38:7.
- Abstract:
- Background: Recent reports have suggested that among individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, a single mRNA vaccine dose is sufficient to elicit high levels of immunity. Methods: We compared anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG antibody concentrations and antibody-mediated neutralization of spike-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor binding in vitro following vaccination of non-hospitalized participants by sero-status and acute virus diagnosis history. Participants were analysed before and after mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2/Pfizer or mRNA-1273/Moderna) in a community-based, home-collected, longitudinal serosurvey in the Chicago area (USA); none reported hospitalization for COVID-19. Samples were collected in January and February 2021. Before vaccination, some reported prior positive acute viral diagnostic testing and were seropositive (COVID-19+); the others who did not report acute viral diagnostic testing were categorized as seropositive or seronegative based on anti-spike RBD IgG test results. Findings: Of 307 unique vaccine recipients, 46 reported a prior COVID-19 diagnosis and were seropositive (COVID-19 +). Of the 261 with no history of acute viral diagnostic testing, 117 were seropositive and 144 seronegative before vaccination. The median age was 38 years (range 21-83) with 67 female and 33% male; 40% were non-White. Responses were evaluated after one (n = 142) or two (n = 191) doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine. After one dose, median post-vaccine IgG concentration and percent surrogate neutralization were each significantly higher among the COVID-19+ (median 48.2 mu g/ml, IgG; > 99.9% neutralization) compared to the seropositives (3.6 mu g/ml IgG; 56.5% neutralization) and seronegatives (2.6 mu g/ml IgG; 38.3% neutralization). The latter two groups reached > 95% neutralization after the second vaccine dose. Interpretation: After one dose of mRNA vaccine, individuals previously diagnosed with COVID-19 responded with high levels of anti-RBD IgG and surrogate neutralization of spike-ACE2 interaction. One dose of mRNA vaccine was not sufficient to generate comparably high responses among most persons previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 without a clinical COVID-19 diagnosis, nor among seronegative persons. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Serological testing, IgG, ELISA, Dried blood spots, Vaccine, Neutralizing, Receptor binding domain
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19 Vaccines, SARS-CoV-2--drug effects, COVID-19 Serological Testing, Antibodies, Neutralizing
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 vaccines, Immunoglobulin G
- Creator:
- Demonbreun, Alexis R., Sancilio, Amelia Elizabeth McMullen, Velez, Matt P., Ryan, Daniel T., Saber, Rana, Vaught, Lauren A., Reiser, Nina L., Hsieh, Ryan R., D'Aquila, Richard T., Mustanski, Brian, McNally, Elizabeth M., McDade, Thomas W.
- Publisher:
- ELSEVIER
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-08
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34278286
- Title:
- Ethical Considerations for Unblinding and Vaccinating COVID-19 Vaccine Trial Placebo Group Participants
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Stoehr JR, Jahromi AH, Thomason C. Ethical Considerations for Unblinding and Vaccinating COVID-19 Vaccine Trial Placebo Group Participants. Frontiers in Public Health. 2021;9:3.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, placebo, clinical trials, vaccine, vaccine ethics
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19 Vaccines, Clinical Trials as Topic--ethics, Biomedical Research--ethics
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 vaccines, Medical ethics
- Creator:
- Stoehr, Jenna Rose, Hamidian Jahromi, Alireza, Thomason, Clayton
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-06-24
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Editorial
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34249853
- Title:
- Oncological care organisation during COVID-19 outbreak
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Onesti CE, Rugo HS, Generali D, Peeters M, Zaman K, Wildiers H, Harbeck N, Martin M, Cristofanilli M, Cortes J, Tjan-Heijnen V, Hurvitz SA, Berchem G, Tagliamento M, Campone M, Bartsch R, De Placido S, Puglisi F, Rottey S, Muller V, Ruhstaller T, Machiels JP, Conte P, Awada A, Jerusalem G. Oncological care organisation during COVID-19 outbreak. Esmo Open. 2020;5(4):8.
- Abstract:
- Background COVID-19 appeared in late 2019, causing a pandemic spread. This led to a reorganisation of oncology care in order to reduce the risk of spreading infection between patients and healthcare staff. Here we analysed measures taken in major oncological units in Europe and the USA. Methods A 46-item survey was sent by email to representatives of 30 oncological centres in 12 of the most affected countries. The survey inquired about preventive measures established to reduce virus spread, patient education and processes employed for risk reduction in each oncological unit. Results Investigators from 21 centres in 10 countries answered the survey between 10 April and 6 May 2020. A triage for patients with cancer before hospital or clinic visits was conducted by 90.5% of centres before consultations, 95.2% before day care admissions and in 100% of the cases before overnight hospitalisation by means of phone calls, interactive online platforms, swab test and/or chest CT scan. Permission for caregivers to attend clinic visits was limited in many centres, with some exceptions (ie, for non-autonomous patients, in the case of a new diagnosis, when bad news was expected and for terminally ill patients). With a variable delay period, the use of personal protective equipment was unanimously mandatory, and in many centres, only targeted clinical and instrumental examinations were performed. Telemedicine was implemented in 76.2% of the centres. Separated pathways for COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative patients were organised, with separate inpatient units and day care areas. Self-isolation was required for COVID-19-positive or symptomatic staff, while return to work policies required a negative swab test in 76.2% of the centres. Conclusion Many pragmatic measures have been quickly implemented to deal with the health emergency linked to COVID-19, although the relative efficacy of each intervention should be further analysed in large observational studies.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, oncological care
- Subject: MESH:
- Oncology Service, Hospital, COVID-19
- Subject: LCSH:
- Cancer--Patients--Hospital care, COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020---Influence
- Creator:
- Onesti, Concetta Elisa, Rugo, Hope S., Generali, Daniele, Peeters, Marc, Zaman, Khalil, Wildiers, Hans, Harbeck, Nadia, Martin, Miguel, Cristofanilli, Massimo, Cortes, Javier, Tjan-Heijnen, Vivianne, Hurvitz, Sara A., Berchem, Guy, Tagliamento, Marco, Campone, Mario, Bartsch, Rupert, De Placido, Sabino, Puglisi, Fabio, Rottey, Sylvie, Mueller, Volkmar, Ruhstaller, Thomas, Machiels, Jean-Pascal, Conte, PierFranco, Awada, Ahmad, Jerusalem, Guy
- Publisher:
- ELSEVIER
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32847836
- Title:
- Effect of Face Masks on Interpersonal Communication During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Mheidly N, Fares MY, Zalzale H, Fares J. Effect of Face Masks on Interpersonal Communication During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health. 2020;8:6.
- Abstract:
- Interpersonal communication has been severely affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Protective measures, such as social distancing and face masks, are essential to mitigate efforts against the virus, but pose challenges on daily face-to-face communication. Face masks, particularly, muffle sounds and cover facial expressions that ease comprehension during live communication. Here, we explore the role of facial expressions in communication and we highlight how the face mask can hinder interpersonal connection. In addition, we offer coping strategies and skills that can ease communication with face masks as we navigate the current and any future pandemic.
- Keyword:
- SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, communication, social distancing, pandemic (COVID-19), pandemic
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Interpersonal Relations, Masks, Physical Distancing
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-, Interpersonal communication, Personal protective equipment, Social distancing (Public health)
- Creator:
- Mheidly, Nour, Fares, Mohamad Y., Zalzale, Hussein, Fares, Jawad Youssef
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-12-09
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33363081
- Title:
- Mast Cell and Eosinophil Activation Are Associated With COVID-19 and TLR-Mediated Viral Inflammation: Implications for an Anti-Siglec-8 Antibody
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Gebremeskel S, Schanin J, Coyle KM, Butuci M, Luu T, Brock EC, Xu AL, Wong AL, Leung J, Korver W, Morin RD, Schleimer RP, Bochner BS, Youngblood BA. Mast Cell and Eosinophil Activation Are Associated With COVID-19 and TLR-Mediated Viral Inflammation: Implications for an Anti-Siglec-8 Antibody. Frontiers in Immunology. 2021;12:12.
- Abstract:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection represents a global health crisis. Immune cell activation via pattern recognition receptors has been implicated as a driver of the hyperinflammatory response seen in COVID-19. However, our understanding of the specific immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 remains limited. Mast cells (MCs) and eosinophils are innate immune cells that play pathogenic roles in many inflammatory responses. Here we report MC-derived proteases and eosinophil-associated mediators are elevated in COVID-19 patient sera and lung tissues. Stimulation of viral-sensing toll-like receptors in vitro and administration of synthetic viral RNA in vivo induced features of hyperinflammation, including cytokine elevation, immune cell airway infiltration, and MC-protease production-effects suppressed by an anti-Siglec-8 monoclonal antibody which selectively inhibits MCs and depletes eosinophils. Similarly, anti-Siglec-8 treatment reduced disease severity and airway inflammation in a respiratory viral infection model. These results suggest that MC and eosinophil activation are associated with COVID-19 inflammation and anti-Siglec-8 antibodies are a potential therapeutic approach for attenuating excessive inflammation during viral infections.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Toll-like receptor, mast cell, eosinophil, Siglec-8, lirentelimab, viral inflammation
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19--immunology, Mast Cells, Eosinophils
- Subject: LCSH:
- COVID-19 (Disease), Mast cells--Immunology, Eosinophils
- Creator:
- Gebremeskel, Simon, Schanin, Julia, Coyle, Krysta M., Butuci, Melina, Luu, Thuy, Brock, Emily C., Xu, Alan, Wong, Alan, Leung, John, Korver, Wouter, Morin, Ryan D., Schleimer, Robert P., Bochner, Bruce S., Youngblood, Bradford A.
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-03-10
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33777047
- Title:
- Pandemic Pressure: Teledermatology and Health Care Disparities
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Rustad AM, Lio PA. Pandemic Pressure: Teledermatology and Health Care Disparities. Journal of Patient Experience. 2021; 8:5.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, telemedicine, telehealth, patient engagement, access to care
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Telemedicine, Patient Participation, Health Services Accessibility
- Creator:
- Rustad, Andrea Mary, Lio, Peter A
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-02-22
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 34179385
294. Letter to N.S. Davis
- Title:
- Letter to N.S. Davis
- Description:
- Letter asking about the feasibility of his son receiving a degree without having attended the college.
- Keyword:
- Medical Education
- Subject: MESH:
- Education, Medical
- Subject: Name:
- Chicago Medical College, Davis, N. S. (Nathan Smith), 1817-1904
- Creator:
- Tobie, C. C.
- Publisher:
- DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 1869-07-08
- Rights:
- All rights reserved
- Resource Type:
- Letter
- Title:
- Spine Surgery and COVID-19: The Influence of Practice Type on Preparedness, Response, and Economic Impact
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Weiner JA, Swiatek PR, Johnson DJ, Louie PK, Harada GK, McCarthy MH, Germscheid N, Cheung JPY, Neva MH, El-Sharkawi M, Valacco M, Sciubba DM, Chutkan NB, An HS, Samartzis D. Spine Surgery and COVID-19: The Influence of Practice Type on Preparedness, Response, and Economic Impact. Global Spine Journal. 2022;12(2):249-262.
- Abstract:
- Study Design: Cross-sectional observational cohort study. Objective: To investigate preparation, response, and economic impact of COVID-19 on private, public, academic, and privademic spine surgeons. Methods: AO Spine COVID-19 and Spine Surgeon Global Impact Survey includes domains on surgeon demographics, location of practice, type of practice, COVID-19 perceptions, institutional preparedness and response, personal and practice impact, and future perceptions. The survey was distributed by AO Spine via email to members (n = 3805). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify differences between practice settings. Results: A total of 902 surgeons completed the survey. In all, 45.4% of respondents worked in an academic setting, 22.9% in privademics, 16.1% in private practice, and 15.6% in public hospitals. Academic practice setting was independently associated with performing elective and emergent spine surgeries at the time of survey distribution. A majority of surgeons reported a >75% decrease in case volume. Private practice and privademic surgeons reported losing income at a higher rate compared with academic or public surgeons. Practice setting was associated with personal protective equipment availability and economic issues as a source of stress. Conclusions: The current study indicates that practice setting affected both preparedness and response to COVID-19. Surgeons in private and privademic practices reported increased worry about the economic implications of the current crisis compared with surgeons in academic and public hospitals. COVID-19 decreased overall clinical productivity, revenue, and income. Government response to the current pandemic and preparation for future pandemics needs to be adaptable to surgeons in all practice settings.
- Keyword:
- COVID-19, coronavirus, spine, surgeons, private practice, global impact
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Spine, Surgeons, Private Practice, Surveys and Questionnaires
- Creator:
- Weiner, Joseph Arnold, Swiatek, Peter Raymond, Johnson, Daniel James, Louie, Philip K., Harada, Garrett K., McCarthy, Michael H., Germscheid, Niccole, Cheung, Jason P. Y., Neva, Marko H., El-Sharkawi, Mohammad, Valacco, Marcelo, Sciubba, Daniel M., Chutkan, Norman B., An, Howard S., Samartzis, Dino
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-08-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32762354
- Title:
- Changes in Primary Care Visits in the 24 Weeks After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders Relative to the Comparable Time Period in 2019 in Metropolitan Chicago and Northern Illinois
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Macy ML, Huetteman P, Kan K. Changes in Primary Care Visits in the 24 Weeks After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders Relative to the Comparable Time Period in 2019 in Metropolitan Chicago and Northern Illinois. Journal of Primary Care and Community Health. 2020;11:7.
- Abstract:
- Objective: In this brief report, we characterize pediatric primary care service utilization in metropolitan Chicago over the first 24 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic response in relation to the comparable time period in 2019. Methods: We examined retrospective visit and billing data, regardless of payer, from 16 independent pediatric practices that utilize a common electronic medical record platform within an Accountable Care Organization of 252 pediatricians in 71 offices throughout metropolitan Chicago. We categorized visits as Well-Child and Immunization-Only (WC-IO) or Other types and identified visits with a telemedicine billing modifier. Diagnoses for Other visits were tallied and categorized using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Clinical Classification System. We summarized counts of visits and the proportion of visits with a telemedicine billing modifier in one-week epochs for 2020 compared with 2019. Results: There were 102 942 total visits (72 030 WC-IO; 30 912 Other) in 2020 and 144 672 visits (80 578 WC-IO; 64 094 Other) in 2019. WC-IO visits in 2020 were half of 2019 visits at the start of the Illinois Stay-at-Home Order and returned greater than 90% of 2019 visits in 8 weeks. Other visit types have remained below 70% of 2019 visits. A telemedicine billing modifier peaked in mid-April (21% of all visits) and declined to <10% of all visits in June (Phase 2 reopening). The top 10 most common diagnoses differed between years. Conclusions: Recovery of well child and immunization visits suggests that practice-level efforts and policy change can ensure children receive recommended care as the pandemic evolves.
- Keyword:
- pediatric, primary care, utilization, COVID-19
- Subject: MESH:
- Pediatrics, COVID-19, Utilization Review, Primary Health Care
- Subject: Geographic Name:
- Illinois--Chicago, Illinois--Northern
- Creator:
- Macy, Michelle Lea, Huetteman, Patricia, Kan, Kristin
- Publisher:
- SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-11
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33174495
- Title:
- Nasal Delivery of Hesperidin/Chitosan Nanoparticles Suppresses Cytokine Storm Syndrome in a Mouse Model of Acute Lung Injury
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Jin H, Zhao ZG, Lan Q, Zhou HT, Mai ZS, Wang Y, Ding XW, Zhang WT, Pi J, Evans CE, Liu XG. Nasal Delivery of Hesperidin/Chitosan Nanoparticles Suppresses Cytokine Storm Syndrome in a Mouse Model of Acute Lung Injury. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;11:10.
- Abstract:
- The cytokine storm or cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is associated with high mortality in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), for example following sepsis or infectious diseases including COVID-19. However, there are no effective treatments for CSS-associated ALI or ALI/ARDS. Thus, there remains an urgent need to develop effective drugs and therapeutic strategies against CSS and ALI/ARDS. Nasal and inhaled drug delivery methods represent a promising strategy in the treatment of inflammatory lung disease as a result of their ability to improve drug delivery to lungs. Improving the nasal mucosa absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs with poor mucosa bioavailability to a therapeutically effective level is another promising strategy in the fight against ALI/ARDS. Here, chitosan nanoparticles loaded with hesperidin (HPD/NPs) were developed for nasal delivery of the anti-inflammatory HPD compound to inflammatory lungs. In vitro and in vivo, HPD/NPs exhibited enhanced cellular uptake in the inflammatory microenvironment compared with free HPD. In a mouse model of inflammatory lung disease, the HPD/NPs markedly inhibited lung injury as evidenced by reduced inflammatory cytokine levels and suppressed vascular permeability compared with free HPD. Collectively, our study demonstrates that nasal delivery of HPD/NPs suppresses CSS and ALI/ARDS in a murine model of inflammatory lung disease, and that nanoparticle-based treatment strategies with anti-inflammatory effects could be used to reduce CSS and ALI in patients with inflammatory lung injury.
- Keyword:
- cytokine storm syndrome, hesperidin, chitosan nanoparticle, lung inflammation, nasal drug delivery
- Subject: MESH:
- Hesperidin, Chitosan, Cytokine Release Syndrome, Acute Lung Injury, Administration, Intranasal
- Creator:
- Jin, Hua, Zhao, Zuguo, Lan, Qian, Zhou, Haotong, Mai, Zesen, Wang, Yuan, Ding, Xiaowen, Zhang, Wenting, Pi, Jiang, Evans, Colin Edward, Liu, Xinguang
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-01-27
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33584267
- Title:
- The Role of Health Technology and Informatics in a Global Public Health Emergency: Practices and Implications From the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Ye JC. The Role of Health Technology and Informatics in a Global Public Health Emergency: Practices and Implications From the COVID-19 Pandemic. Jmir Medical Informatics. 2020;8(7):8.
- Abstract:
- At present, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading around the world. It is a critical and important task to take thorough efforts to prevent and control the pandemic. Compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, COVID-19 spreads more rapidly owing to increased globalization, a longer incubation period, and unobvious symptoms. As the coronavirus has the characteristics of strong transmission and weak telethality, and since the large-scale increase of infected people may overwhelm health care systems, efforts are needed to treat critical patients, track and manage the health status of residents, and isolate suspected patients. The application of emerging health technologies and digital practices in health care, such as artificial intelligence, telemedicine or telehealth, mobile health, big data, 5G, and the Internet of Things, have become powerful weapons to fight against the pandemic and provide strong support in pandemic prevention and control. Applications and evaluations of all of these technologies, practices, and health delivery services are highlighted in this study.
- Keyword:
- health technology, health information system, COVID-19, artificial intelligence, telemedicine, big data, privacy, internet of things
- Subject: MESH:
- COVID-19, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Internet of Things, Biomedical Technology, Health Information Systems
- Creator:
- Ye, Jiancheng
- Publisher:
- JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2020-07
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 32568725
- Title:
- Guardians at the Gate: Early Adversity, Neurocognitive Development, and the Role of the Pediatrician in the Era of COVID-19
- Original Bibliographic Citation:
- Berken JA, Heard-Garris N, Wakschlag LS. Guardians at the Gate: Early Adversity, Neurocognitive Development, and the Role of the Pediatrician in the Era of COVID-19. Frontiers in Pediatrics. 2021;9:6.
- Abstract:
- Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) profoundly impact neurocognitive development. Specifically, when these events occur during critical periods of brain plasticity, a time of significant synaptogenesis, neural pruning, and myelination, typical neurodevelopment can become derailed. Adverse childhood experiences promote morphological changes in neuronal microcircuitry which may lead to diminished cognitive flexibility, inattention, increased impulsivity, decreased school readiness, and disruptive behaviors. In this regard, the current COVID-19 pandemic represents an especially complex adverse experience that disturbs a child's social milieu and support network, likely interfering with brain maturation and executive function. Here, we take a neurodevelopmental approach to argue for the critical role that pediatricians must fulfill in mitigating the potentially detrimental consequences of COVID-19. We call for ACE screening and anticipatory guidance in the primary care setting, and the use of validated interventions and skills to bolster resilience, when ACEs are identified. We present a clinical workflow for the physician to proactively assess, identify, stratify, and address the severity of ACEs worsened by COVID-19. We discuss home-based activities and resources for children and adolescents to promote stress reduction, connectiveness, and self-awareness and create a more positive environment to maximize neurodevelopmental potential in the face of the ongoing pandemic.
- Keyword:
- adverse child experiences, brain development, toxic stress, COVID-19, neurocognition
- Subject: MESH:
- Adverse Childhood Experiences, COVID-19, Child Development, Stress, Psychological
- Creator:
- Berken, Jonathan Andrew, Heard-Garris, Nia Jenee, Wakschlag, Lauren S
- Publisher:
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
- Language:
- English
- Date Created:
- 2021-04-14
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Original Identifier:
- (PMID) 33937157
- Title:
- Brief History of the Northwestern University Dental School
- Description:
- This article is part of an occasional series prepared by Galter librarians on the history of and highlights about various Northwestern University health education programs and their alumni. Earlier articles were about Northwestern University's medical, woman's medical, and nursing schools, and later- pharmacy school. (This article was original published in the Northwestern Medicine magazine's history blog, August 2014.)
- Keyword:
- Dental Schools
- Subject: MESH:
- Schools, Dental, History of Dentistry, History of Medicine
- Subject: Name:
- Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Dental School
- Creator:
- Sims, Ronald H
- Publisher:
- Northwestern University Medical School, DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
- Date Created:
- 2014
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/
- Resource Type:
- Historical Article